Compositional Semantics for Temporality/Aspectuality and its Applications for Computational Linguistics

时间性/方面性的组合语义及其在计算语言学中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
11610537
负责人：
MORI Yoshiki
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba (2001)Keio University (1999-2000)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Under the banner of "Contrastive (Formal) Semantics", this project has investigated into the composition of sentential semantics and its ramifications in a contrasitive and comparative way. Specifically, we have developed an approach of "Situation Structures" on tense and aspect in all the three areas of lexical semantics, sentential semantics and discourse semantics.At the level of the lexicon theory, relations of aspect and argument structrues have been studied on the compositional structure of lexical meanings of verbs.First, verbal aspect is formally characterized based on degres in the form of "Situation Structures".The unique path and the dynamism contained in verbal meanings are given rise to by the minotonicity information of degrees with times.An advantage of this approach resides in the unified accounts of temporal interpretation and resultative aspect of past particiles, second predicates of resultative constructons and prdpositional phrases for mvenent verbs.In addition, wa … More ys of quantification in terms of adverbs and intensifiers are made clear as by-products, In the ordinary course of things, these quantificational words are secondly used for a further resarch on micro-structures of verbal aspect.Inthis micro-analysis, the degree scale for the monotonicity ("the unique path")is cognitively decomposed into an object dimension and an abstract change of state, The latter distinction is connected to the distintion of integrative and distribtive predications on the one hand, and is used for the eplanation of the whole complex of the so-calle "quasi-resultative constructions".Finally, not lnly past participles, but the whole perfect construction can be compositionally analysed in a consequent fashion Specifically, common features of BE and HAVE are worked out especially for a language like German, which have both BE and HAVE as perfect auxiliaries. In general, lexical properties of verbs are explicated in light of underspecification of aspectual information at the sentential level.At the level of sentential semantics, we have mainly argued for the underspecification of aspectual information: Basically, there are different choices at the sentential level. As a consequence, there must be a discourse semantic procedure for the resolution of the sentential aspect. It is therefore contrastive semantically interesting to see how the meaning of nominal phrases contributes to the sentential aspect. Even the interpretation of floating quantifiers changes depending on their internal structure and their information-structural position. This has much to do with the so-called "semantic incorporation" of weak quantifiers. Finally, we have also analysed tense in complex sentences in Japanese in the framework of HPSG. In view of the sloppy boundary of tense and aspect, a unified explanation has been delivered exploiting the relative tense. Less

在“对比（形式）语义学”的旗帜下，该项目以对比和比较的方式研究了句子语义的构成及其后果。具体来说，我们开发了一种关于时态和体的“情境结构”方法。词汇语义学、句子语义学和语篇语义学三个领域。在词汇理论层面上，对词汇的构成结构进行了体体关系和论元结构的研究。首先，动词体以“情境结构”的形式以度为基础进行形式表征。动词意义中包含的独特路径和动态是由度与时间的调调信息产生的。这样做的优点方法在于对时间解释和过去分词的结果方面、结果结构的第二谓词和即时动词的介词短语的统一描述。此外，wa … 更多副词和强化词的量化过程作为副产品被明确化，通常情况下，这些量化词其次被用来进一步研究动词方面的微观结构。在这个微观分析中，程度量表因为单调性（“唯一路径”）在认知上被分解为对象维度和抽象的状态变化，后者的区别与整合性和分布性的区别有关一方面，用于解释所谓的“准结果结构”的整个复合体。最后，不仅仅是过去分词，而是整个完美结构可以具体地以结果方式进行组合分析， BE 和 HAVE 的共同特征是专门为像德语这样的语言而设计的，它们同时具有 BE 和 HAVE 作为完美的助动词。一般来说，动词的词汇属性是。在句子语义层面，我们主要争论了方面信息的不足：基本上，在句子层面有不同的选择，因此必然有一个。因此，观察名词性短语的含义如何影响句子方面，在语义上是很有趣的，甚至浮动量词的解释也会根据其内部结构和它们的变化而变化。这与所谓的弱量词的“语义并入”有很大关系。最后，我们在HPSG的框架下分析了日语复杂句子中的时态。方面，利用相对时态进行了统一解释。