Development of Optimum Design, Trial Production and Evaluation Systems for Knee Joint Prostheses with Artificial Cartilage and Meniscus Similar to Natural Synovial Joints

类似天然滑膜关节的人工软骨和半月板膝关节假体优化设计、试制及评价系统开发

基本信息

批准号：
11358014
负责人：
MURAKAMI Teruo
金额：
$ 20.59万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The object of this research is to develop the systems for optimum design, trial production and evaluation of knee prostheses with artificial cartilage and meniscus, which have an adaptive multimode lubrication mechanism. The systems for optimum design including geometrical analysis, trial production and simulator testing was developed. The two-channel knee joint simulator was manufactured to simulate the walking motion as three-dimensional mode. Tribological performance of artificial cartilage materials such as hydrogels and polyurethane was evaluated. The rubbing specimens and tibial component of PVA(polyvinylalcohol) hydrogel were prepared by freezing-thawing method. PVA hydrogel with high water content exhibited the lower friction than that with low water content, but the friction increased with repetition of walking cycles. The lubricant constituents, particularly hyaluronic acid and protein had a remarkable effect on friction and wear of compliant materials. It was shown that the … More 5 cycles for freezing-thawing process was the optimum condition to attain the highest stiffness and strength and minimum wear. On the starting friction of compliant material after static loading with different duration, it increased with loading time. The application of high frequency AC electric field was effective in reduction of friction for conductive materials. High water content for PVA hydrogel and the immersion in hyaluronate solution for polyurethane were effective in reducing starting friction.The worn surfaces of polyethylene components for several retrieved knee prostheses of anatomical design were observed, where the delamination and pitting as fatigue wear were discriminated. To elucidate the fatigue wear mechanism, the finite element method was applied as elasto-plastic contact analysis, in which the influence of component thickness and rolling motion on plastic deformation was clarified. From the clinical viewpoint, the kinematic analysis of total knee arthroplasty by pattern matching method was conducted. The changes in knee alignment after total knee arthroplasty and anatomic variation were evaluated.It was shown that geometrical design with better congruity or with appropriate radius, and the application of compliant materials accompanied with boundary lubricating ability enhance the lubricating performance. The design direction including the influence of tensile stress on osteoclast was shown for clinical application. Less

这项研究的目的是开发用于具有人造软骨和半月板的膝盖假体的最佳设计，试验生产和评估的系统，这些膝关节具有自适应多模润滑机制。开发了包括几何分析，试验生产和模拟器测试的最佳设计系统。制造了两通道膝关节模拟器，以模拟行走运动为三维模式。评估了人造软骨材料（例如水凝胶和聚氨酯）的摩擦学性能。通过冷冻方法制备PVA（聚乙烯基醇）水凝胶的摩擦标本和胫骨成分。高水含量的PVA水凝胶暴露于低水量的摩擦较低，但摩擦随着行走周期的重复而增加。润滑剂构成，尤其是氢酸和蛋白质，对兼容材料的摩擦和磨损产生了显着影响。结果表明，……冻结过程的5个周期是达到最高刚度，强度和最小磨损的最佳条件。在静态材料的起始摩擦和不同持续时间的静态材料的起始摩擦上，它随着加载时间而增加。高频交流电场的应用可有效减少导电材料的摩擦。 PVA水凝胶的高水量和聚氨酯中的浸入式水真主溶液可有效减少起始摩擦。观察到了几种检索到解剖学设计的膝关节假体的聚乙烯成分的磨损表面，在该膝盖上被发现，其中分层和使疲劳的磨损被区分了。为了阐明疲劳磨损机制，将有限元方法应用于弹性塑料接触分析，其中阐明了组分厚度和滚动运动对塑性变形的影响。从临床角度来看，通过图案匹配方法对总膝关节置换术进行了运动学分析。总膝关节置换术和解剖变异后的膝盖比对的变化得到了评估。这表明几何设计具有更好的一致性或适当的半径，并且适用于边界润滑能力的合规材料的应用增强了润滑性能。设计方向包括用于临床应用的拉伸应力对破骨细胞的影响。较少的