Establishment of paternity test system in Japan

日本亲子鉴定制度的建立

• 批准号: 11307008
• 负责人: KATSUMATA Yoshinao
• 金额: $ 24.06万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11307008/
• 关键词: Paternity test; Database; Guideline; STR

The first one of results in the present study was "The guideline of paternity test in Japan" fixed up by the working group of paternity test in the Japanese Society of Legal Medicine. The head investigator of this study organized this group as the chairperson to make the guideline in cooperation with the other investigators. This guideline is the first and overall one in Japan concerning the parentage testing, which includes not only technical protocol but also sample collection and storage, the formula of expert report, and ethical guideline. We also recommended the three tests, homozygosity test, likelihood ratio test and exact test for the Hardy-Weiberg equilibrium by re-verification, and constructed a highly reliable database in Japanese at general STR loci available by commercially released multiplex amplification and typing kits. As more practical studies, we applied some specimens such as saliva, plucked hairs and cells from toothbrushes to multiplex STR genotyping thoroughly, and expanded the potential limitation of specimens. Furthermore, we tried to apply the minisatellite variant repeat mapping by PCR (MVR-PCR) to paternity tests. On the other hand, we discussed about the mutation of STRs which has considerably high rates with multiplex STR systems, and calculated the rate using a multiplex system. Addition of this rate in calculating the probabilities makes it possible to construct a more reliable system for parentage testings. In the present study, we have almost established a reliable paternity test system in Japan. It is necessary to make efforts to recognize the courts and society about the rightful paternity tests in future.

本研究的第一个成果是日本法医学会亲子鉴定工作组制定的《日本亲子鉴定指南》。本研究的首席研究员组织了这个小组作为主席，与其他研究者合作制定指南。该指南是日本第一个也是全面的亲子鉴定指南，不仅包括技术方案，还包括样本采集和储存、专家报告的公式以及伦理指南。我们还通过重新验证推荐了Hardy-Weiberg平衡的纯合性检验、似然比检验和精确检验这三种检验，并在商业发布的多重扩增和分型试剂盒可用的通用STR位点上构建了日语的高度可靠的数据库。作为更实际的研究，我们应用唾液、拔下的毛发和牙刷上的细胞等标本进行了多重STR基因分型，并扩大了标本的潜在局限性。此外，我们尝试将PCR小卫星变异重复定位（MVR-PCR）应用于亲子鉴定。另一方面，我们讨论了在多重STR系统中具有相当高比率的STR突变，并使用多重系统计算了比率。在计算概率时添加该比率使得可以构建更可靠的亲子鉴定系统。在本研究中，我们在日本几乎建立了可靠的亲子鉴定系统。未来有必要努力让法院和社会认可亲子鉴定的合法性。

项目成果

M.Tanaka: "Usefulness of a toothbrush as a source of evidential DNA for typing."J.Forensic Sciences. 45(3). 674-676 (2000)

M.Tanaka：“牙刷作为打字证据 DNA 来源的有用性。”J.Forensic Sc​​iences。

M.Tanaka, et al: "Usefulness of a toothbrush as a source of evidential DNA for typing."J.Forensic Sciences. 45(3). 674-676 (2000)

M.Tanaka 等人：“牙刷作为打字证据 DNA 来源的有用性。”J.Forensic Sc​​iences。

T.Yamamoto, et al: "Allele distribution at nine STR loci-D3S1358, vWA, FGA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317 and D7S820- in the Japanese population by multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis"J.Forensic Sciences. 44(1). 167-170 (1999)

T.Yamamoto 等人：“通过多重 PCR 和毛细管电泳分析日本人群中九个 STR 位点 D3S1358、vWA、FGA、TH01、TPOX、CSF1PO、D5S818、D13S317 和 D7S820 的等位基因分布”J.Forensic Sc​​iences。

M.Tanaka: "Usefulness of a toothbrush as a source of evidential DNA for typing."J.Forensic Sci.. 45(3). 674-676 (2000)

M.Tanaka：“牙刷作为打字证据 DNA 来源的有用性。”J.Forensic Sc​​i. 45(3)。

T.Yamamoto: "Allele distribution at nine STR loci ミD3S1358, vWA, FGA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317 and D7S820-in the Japanese population by multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis"J.Forensic Sciences. 44(1). 167-170 (1999)

T. Yamamoto：“通过多重 PCR 和毛细管电泳分析日本人群中九个 STR 位点 D3S1358、vWA、FGA、TH01、TPOX、CSF1PO、D5S818、D13S317 和 D7S820 的等位基因分布”J.Forensic Sc​​iences 44(1)。 167-170 (1999)