Establishment of paternity test system in Japan

日本亲子鉴定制度的建立

• 批准号: 11307008
• 负责人: KATSUMATA Yoshinao
• 金额: $ 24.06万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11307008/
• 关键词: Paternity test; Database; Guideline; STR

The first one of results in the present study was "The guideline of paternity test in Japan" fixed up by the working group of paternity test in the Japanese Society of Legal Medicine. The head investigator of this study organized this group as the chairperson to make the guideline in cooperation with the other investigators. This guideline is the first and overall one in Japan concerning the parentage testing, which includes not only technical protocol but also sample collection and storage, the formula of expert report, and ethical guideline. We also recommended the three tests, homozygosity test, likelihood ratio test and exact test for the Hardy-Weiberg equilibrium by re-verification, and constructed a highly reliable database in Japanese at general STR loci available by commercially released multiplex amplification and typing kits. As more practical studies, we applied some specimens such as saliva, plucked hairs and cells from toothbrushes to multiplex STR genotyping thoroughly, and expanded the potential limitation of specimens. Furthermore, we tried to apply the minisatellite variant repeat mapping by PCR (MVR-PCR) to paternity tests. On the other hand, we discussed about the mutation of STRs which has considerably high rates with multiplex STR systems, and calculated the rate using a multiplex system. Addition of this rate in calculating the probabilities makes it possible to construct a more reliable system for parentage testings. In the present study, we have almost established a reliable paternity test system in Japan. It is necessary to make efforts to recognize the courts and society about the rightful paternity tests in future.

本研究的第一个结果是日本法律医学学会的亲子鉴定工作组修复的“日本的亲子鉴定指南”。这项研究的首席研究员组织了该小组的主席，以与其他研究人员合作制定指南。该指南是日本关于父母测试的第一个和总体一项指南，不仅包括技术协议，还包括样本收集和存储，专家报告公式和道德准则。我们还建议通过重新验证进行三个测试，纯合性测试，可能性比测试以及对Hardy-Weiberg均衡的精确测试，并在一般STR基因座的日语中构建了一个高度可靠的数据库，可通过商业释放的多路扩增和键入套件提供。随着更多实践研究，我们应用了一些标本，例如唾液，从牙刷中拔出的毛发和细胞，从牙刷到多重STR基因分型，并扩大了标本的潜在限制。此外，我们试图将PCR（MVR-PCR）重复映射应用于亲子关系测试。另一方面，我们讨论了STR的突变，该突变与多重STR系统具有相当高的速率，并使用多重系统计算了速率。在计算概率中增加了此速率，可以为亲父级测试构建一个更可靠的系统。在本研究中，我们几乎在日本建立了可靠的亲子鉴定系统。有必要努力以将来对法院和社会进行认可法院和社会。

项目成果

M.Tanaka: "Usefulness of a toothbrush as a source of evidential DNA for typing."J.Forensic Sciences. 45(3). 674-676 (2000)

M.Tanaka：“牙刷作为打字证据 DNA 来源的有用性。”J.Forensic Sc​​iences。

M.Tanaka, et al: "Usefulness of a toothbrush as a source of evidential DNA for typing."J.Forensic Sciences. 45(3). 674-676 (2000)

M.Tanaka 等人：“牙刷作为打字证据 DNA 来源的有用性。”J.Forensic Sc​​iences。

T.Yamamoto, et al: "Allele distribution at nine STR loci-D3S1358, vWA, FGA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317 and D7S820- in the Japanese population by multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis"J.Forensic Sciences. 44(1). 167-170 (1999)

T.Yamamoto 等人：“通过多重 PCR 和毛细管电泳分析日本人群中九个 STR 位点 D3S1358、vWA、FGA、TH01、TPOX、CSF1PO、D5S818、D13S317 和 D7S820 的等位基因分布”J.Forensic Sc​​iences。

M.Tanaka: "Usefulness of a toothbrush as a source of evidential DNA for typing."J.Forensic Sci.. 45(3). 674-676 (2000)

M.Tanaka：“牙刷作为打字证据 DNA 来源的有用性。”J.Forensic Sc​​i. 45(3)。

T.Yamamoto: "Allele distribution at nine STR loci ミD3S1358, vWA, FGA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D13S317 and D7S820-in the Japanese population by multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis"J.Forensic Sciences. 44(1). 167-170 (1999)

T. Yamamoto：“通过多重 PCR 和毛细管电泳分析日本人群中九个 STR 位点 D3S1358、vWA、FGA、TH01、TPOX、CSF1PO、D5S818、D13S317 和 D7S820 的等位基因分布”J.Forensic Sc​​iences 44(1)。 167-170 (1999)