A neuroendocrinological study on the mechanism of activation of neurotransmitter by mastication

咀嚼激活神经递质机制的神经内分泌学研究

• 批准号: 10671920
• 负责人: YOSHIHARA Toshihiro
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: Kagoshima University (1999)Hokkaido University (1998)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10671920/
• 关键词: mastication; learning; memory; neuropeptide Y; rat; 迷路学習

Effects of mastication were examined on the learning and memory in rats. The following result was obtained.(1) In Hebb and Williams' maze test, twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into four groups: rats which were fed normal solid meal (Solid Rats), liquid meal (Liquid Rats), intravenous hyperalimentation through jugular vein (IH Rats) or liquid meal infusion through cardiac part of stomach (LMI Rats). The total error score of the Solid Rats were significantly less than that of the Liquid Rats. The total error score of the Liquid Rats were significantly less than those of the IH Rats and the LMI Rats. There was no significant difference of the total error scores between IH Rat and LMI Rat.(2) Neuropeptide Y (NPY) concentrations in hypothalamus (paraventricular nucleus and arcuate nucleus) of the above-mentioned rats were measured. NPY concentration in Solid Rat was significantly higher than that in Liquid Rat. And NPY concentration in Liquid Rat was significantly higher than that in IH Rat and LMI Rat. There was no significant difference of NPY concentration between IH Rat and LMI Rat.These results suggest that food intake through mouth, particularly with mastication, is important for development of ability of learning in rats and that NPY is involved in this mechanism of development.

研究了咀嚼对大鼠学习和记忆的影响。 (1)在Hebb和Williams迷宫试验中,将24只Wistar大鼠分为四组:正常固体饲料喂养(Solid Rats)、液体饲料喂养(Liquid Rats)、静脉高营养喂养。颈静脉（IH 大鼠）或通过胃心脏部分（LMI 大鼠）输注液体餐。固体大鼠的总错误得分显着低于液体大鼠。 Liquid 大鼠的总错误得分显着低于 IH 大鼠和 LMI 大鼠。 IH大鼠和LMI大鼠的总误差评分无显着性差异。(2)测定上述大鼠下丘脑(室旁核和弓状核)神经肽Y(NPY)浓度。固体大鼠中的 NPY 浓度显着高于液体大鼠中的浓度。 Liquid Rat大鼠中NPY浓度显着高于IH Rat和LMI Rat大鼠。 IH 大鼠和 LMI 大鼠之间的 NPY 浓度没有显着差异。这些结果表明，通过口腔摄入食物，特别是咀嚼食物，对于大鼠学习能力的发育非常重要，并且 NPY 参与了这种发育机制。