Evolutionary characteristics of the fish mitochondrial DNA and its utilization for analysis of population and phylogeny

鱼类线粒体DNA的进化特征及其在种群和系统发育分析中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
10660189
负责人：
NISHIDA Mutsumi
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo (1999)Fukui Prefectural University (1998)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Though the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been utilized for population and phylogeny analysis of fishes as a primary source of genetic markers, its evolutionary characteristics have not been clarified enough. In this project, evolutionary characteristics of the mtDNA were examined through analyzing the two ribosomal RNA genes, several protein-coding genes, and the control region. In addition, by using sequence data from these genes, population structure analysis and phylogenetic analysis of closely related species as well as distantly related species of fishes were made. Main points of the results are as follows. 1) The control region is useful for population and phylogeny analysis of intraspecific populations or closely related species because of its high variability, but there are some .exceptions that this region is not so variable. 2) Phylogenetic information from the ribosomal RNA genes is sometimes not enough for resolving phylogenetic relationships among distantly related groups such as families. 3) For analysis of deep-branches, compilation of data from many protein-coding genes appears to be useful. 4) A "molecular clock" from a couple of protein-coding genes was calibrated for fishes. During this study, an effective method for amplifying and sequencing of a total mitochondrial genome of fishes was established by utilizing so-called the long PCR techniques. In the next step of this study, the new method can be fully utilized in obtaining and characterizing complete mtDNA sequences from many fishes, and the resulting sequence data will be effectively used for examining phylogenetic relationships of major groups of fishes in detail.

尽管线粒体DNA（mtDNA）已作为遗传标记的主要来源用于鱼类的种群和系统发育分析，但其进化特征尚未得到充分阐明。在这个项目中，通过分析两个核糖体RNA基因、几个蛋白质编码基因和控制区来检查线粒体DNA的进化特征。此外，利用这些基因的序列数据，对鱼类的近缘物种和远缘物种进行种群结构分析和系统发育分析。结果的要点如下。 1) 控制区域由于其高变异性，对于种内种群或密切相关物种的种群和系统发育分析很有用，但也有一些例外，即该区域的变异性不那么大。 2) 来自核糖体RNA基因的系统发育信息有时不足以解决远缘相关群体（例如家族）之间的系统发育关系。 3）对于深层分支的分析，来自许多蛋白质编码基因的数据的汇编似乎是有用的。 4）针对鱼类校准了几个蛋白质编码基因的“分子钟”。在这项研究中，利用所谓的长PCR技术建立了一种对鱼类线粒体总基因组进行扩增和测序的有效方法。在这项研究的下一步中，新方法可以充分利用来获得和表征许多鱼类的完整线粒体DNA序列，所得序列数据将有效地用于详细检查主要鱼类类群的系统发育关系。