Construction of the sediment transport model covering whole catchment area

全流域泥沙输移模型构建

基本信息

批准号：
10650498
负责人：
MANO Akira
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Mano dealt with the Abukuma River and constructed channel network with 500m-grid size covering the whole catchment area. They have developed the system to compute the runoff on the network with the kinematic wave approximation and by inputting the distributed rainfall based on the AMeDas observation. They then have developed a sediment transport model on the same network by using the flow field obtained by the runoff analysis and by considering the physical processes of erosion, settling and convection. The model is shown to have high accuracy through the comparison with the observation.Izumi executed field survey on the wash load carried by the flood of the Abukuma River in 1998 and has shown that spilled flood into the flood channel made significant deposition near the central edge like a natural bank and the grain size distribution became finer toward the other edge. He has developed the theory on the suspended load transport and shown that the observed distributions of sedimentations and grain size are explained by the theory.Nagabayashi studied the transport of nitrogen, phosphorus and turbidity material in the Abukuma River. The characteristics of their concentration are investigated for floods and usual currents. During floods, turbidity has high correlation with the concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The ratios of the dissolved components to the total nitrogen and total phosphorus are shown to significantly change depending on the concentration of these total quantities. It suggests the ratios are effective to determine these loads.

Mano处理了Abukuma河和建造500m网格尺寸的频道网络，覆盖了整个集水区。他们已经开发了使用运动波近似和基于AMEDAS观察的分布式降雨来计算网络上的径流的系统。然后，通过使用径流分析获得的流场以及考虑侵蚀，沉降和对流的物理过程，他们在同一网络上开发了沉积物传输模型。该模型通过与观察的比较表明，该模型具有很高的精度。Izumi在1998年在Abukuma River洪水中进行的WASH负载进行了现场调查，并显示溢出的洪水泛滥到洪水通道附近，在中部边缘附近产生了大量沉积。就像天然银行一样，晶粒尺寸的分布在另一个边缘变得更加细腻。他已经开发了有关悬浮负荷运输的理论，并表明该理论解释了观察到的沉积和晶粒尺寸的分布。纳加巴亚西研究了阿布库马河中氮，磷和浊度材料的运输。研究其集中度的特征是洪水和通常的水流。在洪水期间，浊度与总氮和总磷具有很高的相关性。溶解成分与总氮和总磷的比率明显变化，具体取决于这些总量的浓度。它表明该比率有效确定这些负载。