The Japanese political contact with the Guangxu Reform in China.

日本与中国光绪维新的政治接触.

基本信息

批准号：
08610376
负责人：
NAKAMURA Tetsuo
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
KOBEGAKUIN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08610376/
关键词：
the Guangxu Reform Sheng, Xuan-huai Wang, Wen-shao Odagiri, Masuosuke the Boxer Uprising the Mackey Treaty Shanghai Zheng, Guan-ying 岡千仭中国通商銀行交通銀行金融協力東南互保近衛篤麿小田切万寿之助

项目摘要

This paper focuses on the role of Sheng Xuanhuai *** in the complex political changes under the Guang Xu (**) Political Reform after the Sino-Japanese War in 1895. It is popularly understood that the Political Reform movement was broken down by the refusal of Empresses Dowager, who after the Boxer Uprising changed its conservative policy and agreed to take an unyieding stand against the foreign powers. The general view is based on the mistaken idea that there was no effort made at institutional reform during the two years following the "Hundred Days" of 1898.Political reform during the late Qing period began with a plan to modernize its military forces, which had been defeated by Japan. The edict of 1895, which required the reconstitution of tariffs, was the most important policy for the fiscal reconstruction of the central government. In order to change the tariff rate and increase revenue, diplomatic negotiations to revise the commercial treaty (Treaty of Tientsin, 1858) were begun in the fall of 1899. Then, as the Boxer Uprising broke out in North China, Sheng Xuanhuai took a part in diplomatic negotiations to maintain safety in Yangzu and South-east coast of China. These negotiations prepared the international protocol of 1901 and the Mackay Treaty, which revised tariff rates. It is the conventional understanding that the Guang Xu Political Reform was suddenly started in 1901 ; however, the analysis in this paper shows that Sheng Xuanhuai, who had contacted Wang Wenshao (***) , carefully presented the plan of Political Reform. Especially, it attracts our attention that Sheng Xuanhuai's telegram letter (30th Dec, 1900) to Wang Wenshao used the special term composing reform plans' one month earlier than the edict of Guang Xu Pplitical Reform, and became a key term of the Guang Xu Political Reform from 1901. The author shows that Sheng Xuanhuai proposed the establishment of an administrator for commerce.

本文主要探讨盛宣怀***在1895年甲午战争后光绪变法下复杂的政治变迁中所扮演的角色。一般认为，变法运动是由义和团起义后，太后改变了保守政策，同意对外国列强采取不屈不挠的立场。普遍的观点是基于一种错误的观念，即1898年“百日”之后的两年里没有进行机构改革。晚清的政治改革是从军事现代化计划开始的，被日本打败了。 1895年颁布的要求重新制定关税的法令是中央政府财政重建的最重要政策。为了改变关税税率、增加收入，1899年秋开始了修改通商条约（1858年《天津条约》）的外交谈判。随后，华北爆发义和团运动，盛宣怀参与其中。参与外交谈判，维护扬子江和中国东南沿海的安全。这些谈判制定了 1901 年国际议定书和《麦凯条约》，其中修改了关税税率。一般认为，光绪变法是在1901年突然开始的；然而，本文的分析表明，与王文绍（***）接触的盛宣怀在提出变法方案时是谨慎的。尤其值得关注的是，盛宣怀在给王文绍的电函（1900年12月30日）中，使用了比光绪变法敕令早一个月的“制定变法方案”这一专门术语，成为光绪政变的一个关键术语。改革从1901年开始。作者表明，盛宣怀提议设置商业行政长官。