Analysis of Real-time Processing of Empty Subjects

空科目实时处理分析

基本信息

批准号：
09610538
负责人：
SAKAMOTO Tsutomu
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Through a series of experiments, this study examined how Japanese speakers understood the empty subject sentence in which a "subject" (or, , an agent) is not specified. First, a "subject preference" is observed irrespective of the word order. Moreover, it became clear that a top-down prediction was made before the verb appears at the end of a sentence. However, the subject preference phenomenon became faint when the experimental task was changed from the recognition task to the retrieval task.Considering the results of such psychological experiments, it is suggested that the mechanism of the sentence processing transfers from the top-down process to the bottom-up process according to the time transition. The "reaction repertory" explained this change of mental processes. This is why the sentence comprehension is effectively performed during a short time and without serious errors.Moreover, the present study tried to examine how the language processing mechanism is related to the neurophysiological system. The recent study about the language processing moved ahead in the form of the cooperation study from the various disciplines. Especially, the study of the language processing tries to reach a new phase as the recent brain science develops. An expression like 'soft color' involves a mismatch between the tactile and the visual sensory modalities. Observing these mismatch expressions, we notice that 'soft color' is easier to comprehend than 'red touch'. Among sensory mismatch expressions, thus, there seems to be a difference of 'comprehensibleness'. We obtained very interesting findings that this difference of comprehensiveness was reflected in the difference of brain hemisphere.

通过一系列实验，这项研究研究了日本人如何理解未指定“主题”（或者，代理）的空的主题句子。首先，无论单词顺序如何，都会观察到“主题偏好”。此外，很明显，在动词在句子结尾处出现之前，做出了自上而下的预测。但是，当实验任务从识别任务更改为检索任务时，主题偏好现象变得晕倒了。考虑到这种心理实验的结果，建议根据时间转变，句子处理处理的机制从自上而下的过程转移到自下而上。 “反应曲目”解释了这种心理过程的改变。这就是为什么在短时间内有效地执行句子理解的原因。此外，本研究试图研究语言处理机制与神经生理学系统的关系。有关语言处理的最新研究以各个学科的合作研究形式发展。特别是，随着最近的脑科学发展，对语言处理的研究试图达到新阶段。诸如“软色”之类的表达式涉及触觉和视觉感觉方式之间的不匹配。观察这些不匹配表达式，我们注意到“柔软的色彩”比“红色触摸”更容易理解。因此，在感官不匹配的表达中，似乎存在“综合性”的差异。我们获得了非常有趣的发现，即这种综合性差异反映在脑半球的差异中。