The Scottish Enlightenment and John Galt

苏格兰启蒙运动和约翰·高尔特

• 批准号: 09610473
• 负责人: TAKAHASHI Kazuhisa
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610473/
• 关键词: John Galt; enlightenment; Covenanters; canon formation; 都会趣味; 土着性; John Galt; enlightenment; Covenanters; canon formation; 都会趣味; 土着性

In what is called 'the History of English Literature' it has been a standard business to place Walter Scott, a 'Scottish Writer', as one of the representative novelists in the early nineteenth century.While his historical novels clearly reflect a keen awareness of the precarious position of Scotland in its relation to England, there were other writers in Scotland at the time of Scott, of course, who also tried to preserve/establish the national identity of Scotland but did it in quite a different way from Scott's. One of them was John Gait, who described rural and regional Scottish ways of life without Scott's sophistication. Galt's attitude can be roughly summarised as more understanding towards religion, whereas Scott shares something of irreligious feeling with the Scottish Enlightenment, and this seems to account for, to some extent, the difference between their positions in the 'History of English Literature' : it is possible to say that Galt cannot be canonised because of his deep interests in local people, who are more or less sympathetic, for instance, towards the National Covenant, as is well illustrated in his Ringan Gilhaize, in which the Covenanters of Scotland are described as representatives of the Scottish national cause. It makes a striking contrast to Scott's Old Mortality, in which the author, under the disguise of political impartiality, in fact quite bluntly renders the followers of the Covenant as fanatics. This argument undoubtedly corresponds to the latest fashion of the 'Ideology and Criticism' school, but in this research, I intentionally tried to trace Galt's activities in very traditional way of critical biography in order to lay the ground work for a critical re-evaluation of this neglected writer.

In what is called 'the History of English Literature' it has been a standard business to place Walter Scott, a 'Scottish Writer', as one of the representative novelists in the early nineteenth century.While his historical novels clearly reflect a keen awareness of the precarious position of Scotland in its relation to England, there were other writers in Scotland at the time of Scott, of course, who also tried to preserve/establish the national identity of苏格兰，但与斯科特的方式完全不同。其中一位是约翰·盖特（John Gait），他在没有斯科特（Scott）的成熟的情况下描述了农村和地区的苏格兰生活方式。戈尔特的态度可以大致总结为对宗教的更多理解，而斯科特则与苏格兰的启发分享了一些无宗教的感觉，这似乎在某种程度上说明了他们在“英语历史”中的立场之间的差异：例如，由于他在当地人中，他们对当地人而言，这是对当地人的深刻态度，因为他在众多的责任中，这是对当地人的深刻态度，因为他们是对当地人而言，这是对人的忠诚，这是对人的态度，而这是对人的同情心，这是对人类的同情心，这是人们对自己的同情心，这是如此的人，而这是人们对自己的同情心，这是如此的人，这是人们对当地人的同情心，这是在人们身边，而这是人们对自己的同情心。林丹·吉尔哈兹（Ringan Gilhaize），其中苏格兰盟约被描述为苏格兰民族事业的代表。它与斯科特的古老死亡率形成了鲜明的对比，在政治公正性的掩饰下，作者实际上坦率地使盟约的追随者成为狂热者。毫无疑问，这一论点与“意识形态和批评”学校的最新方式相对应，但是在这项研究中，我故意以非常传统的批判传记方式跟踪Galt的活动，以便为这位被忽视的作家的批判性重新评估奠定基础。