REMAINING LIFE OF GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER

颗粒活性炭过滤器的剩余寿命

基本信息

批准号：
07650633
负责人：
MATSUI Yoshihiko
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
GIFU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07650633/
关键词：
adsorption activated carbon pesticide humic substances

项目摘要

Due to the strict drinking water standards for hologenated natural organic compounds and synthetic organic compounds, granular activated carbon (GAC) filters are being employed as a barrier to abate such pollution. Removal of pesticides as well as other synthetic organic chemicals (SOCs) is one of the important treatment objectives of GAC adsorbers. In practice, however, the design and operation of GAC remain complicated because of the coexistence of background organic matter (BOM) and SOCs. The objective of this study is to predict GAC performance and to determine remaining life of GAC filter. The research report consists of 6 chapters.The chapter 1 deals with a rapid experimental method for evaluating breakthrough pattern from fixed bed adsorbers by way of a high pressure micro-column technique. The design of micro-column was made on a similarity rule based upon nondimentional number derived from formula of adsorption kinetics and equilibrium. An almost identical breakthrough profile … More is obtainable in the experiments between the micro-column and lager column on the similarity rule. A little discrepancy observed was attributed to a difference of adsorption capacity or biodegradation.The objective of chapter 2 is to determine how adsorbed humic substances affect the adsorption behavior of typical synthetic organic chemicals. From micro column tests, the adsorption effeciency of synthetic organic substances are markedly reduced when humic substances are presented. However the adsorption efficiency of humic substances are not influenced by the presence of synthetic organic chemicals. Batch and column isotherm studies show that preloading carbon with natural humic substances decreases its capacity for a synthetic organic chemicals with increasing the concentration of humic substances. The reduction in carbon capacity for simazine and diazinon is remarkable than tetrachloroethelen and tetrachloride. Preloading activated carbon also reduces adsorption rate.In chapter 3, adsorption capacities of various types of six organic pesticides on GAC adsorber were studied by micro column technique. Pesticides of lower water solubility has higher adsorption capacity. This tendency is pronounced when humic substances are present as background.In chapter 4, the removal efficiency of intermittently applied pesticides by a granular activated carbon bed preloaded with BOM was examined using the micro column test. Preloading with BOM decreased the removal efficiency of the pesticides. The more GAC adsoebs humics, removal efficiency of pesticide decreases. The removal efficiency was a function of the amount of BOM adsorbed, but was unrelated to the influent concentration of the pesticide. A modeling approach employing the Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST) and a linear-driving force expression for intraparticle surface diffusion adequately simulated these phenomena.In chapter 5, pilot plant and micro column test studies for 4 commercial GACs were conducted using ultrafiltration treated water of Kiso river and Lake Biwa. Almost identical breakthrough performances for natural organics removal were observed when their particle size and SV were the same. Intermittently spiked simazine during 20 months operation were well removed but hydrophilic pesticide, asulam, showed breakthrough. For micro column test, almost identical breakthrough patterns to pilot plant filter were obtained for natural organics but not for pesticides. Pesticide removal under the coexistence of natural organics for various GAC particle size and SV can be normalized to an standard particle size and SV.In chapter 6, a procedure to predict the adsorption behavior of the total backgeound organics from a view point of multicomponent composition was presented. The total organics were categorized into a few hypothetical components. The plug flow homogeneous surface diffusion model was used to calculate the breakthrough curve for each component. The competitive effect was accounted for through the adsorption isotherms described by a simplified IAST (Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory) -Freundlich expression. This procedure was validated for a peat water and biological process effluents of a night soil treatment plant before and after coagulation treatment. Less

由于具有严格的饮用水标准，用于自然有机共同的共同体和合成有机共同的共同点，颗粒状活性炭被用作可憎恶这种污染的可恶者。但是，在实践中，GAC的目的是gac的设计和操作，这是有机物的复杂性（BOM）和SOCC的目的。第1章。第1章通过高固定的微柱技术进行评估固定床的固定床。 ..在相似规则上的微柱和啤酒柱中可以获得更多的信息。当物质存在时，有机物质是标记的。对于Simazine和Diazinon是巨大的Tren Tetracloroethelen和Tetrachloride。 BOM被检查。这些现象是对4个商业GAC进行的MIC RO柱测试研究微型柱测试是针对自然有机物的，但没有针对标准的粒径和SV对模型进行了竞争的效果，以通过简化的iAST（理想吸附溶液理论） - 夜间土壤信任厂的流利。