Chemical Structures and Functions of Neurpeptides in crustaceans

甲壳类动物神经肽的化学结构和功能

• 批准号: 07456054
• 负责人: NAGASAWA Hiromichi
• 金额: $ 4.8万
• 依托单位: Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07456054/
• 关键词: Crustacea; Penaeus japonicus; peptide hormone; hyperglycenic hormone; molt-inhibiting hormone; vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone; red pigment concentrating hormone; pigment disparsing hormone; 甲殼類; アメリカザリガニ; 神経ペプチド; Crustacea; Penaeus japonicus; peptide hormone; hyperglycenic hormone; molt-inhibiting hormone; vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone; red pigment concentrating hormone; pigment disparsing hormone; 甲殼類; アメリカザリガニ; 神経ペプチド

Seven molecular species of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH)-family peptides (Pej-SGP-I-VII), a red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH), and two pigment dispersing hormones (PDHs) were isolated and their complete amino acid sequences determined. Like CHH-family peptides from other crustacean species, the seven CHH-family peptides consisted of 72-77 amino acid residues with six conserved Cys residues.Six peptides (Pej-SGP-I,II,III,V,VI and VII) showed hyperglycemic activity, when injected into eyestalk-ablated prawns, while Pej-SGP-IV exhibited inhibitory activity in the release of molting hormone (ecdysteroids) by the Y organ cultured in vitro. V and VI also showed a weak molt-inhibiting activity. These peptides were subjected to another assay to assess vitellogenesis-inhibiting activity, in which the effects of these peptides on the protein synthesis were examined by using pieces of developing ovary cultured in vitro. Six peptides with hyperglycemic activity showed inhibitory activity in the protein synthesis. The inhibition was not specific to only synthesis of vitellogenin, but that of all the proteins was inhibited.All the six peptides with hyperglycemic activity shared carboxyl-terminal amide structure. In order to clarify the impotance of this structure, we tried to synthesize a carboxyl-terminal free peptide by silkworm baculovirus expression system. Double-stranded DNAs encoding Pej-SGP-III and its analog with free carboxyl terminaus were chemically synthesized and inserted into virus DNA,which were injected into 5th instar larvae of the silkworm. But we could not detect any III or its analog in the hemolymph.The amino acid sequence of RPCH of this species was identical to that of other species thus far obtained. Two PDHs, with three different residues to each other, were equally potent in pigment dispersing activity. Erythrophore was most sensitive to these hormones, xanthophore and melanophore were less sensitive, and leucophore was least sensitive.

分离了七个分子高血糖激素（CHH） - 家族肽（PEJ-SGP-I-VII），红色色素浓缩激素（RPCH）和两种色素分散激素（PDH），并分离出来，并确定了完整的氨基酸序列。像其他甲壳类物种的CHH植树肽一样，七个CHH - 家庭肽由72-77个具有六个保守的Cys残基的氨基酸残基组成。Six肽（PEJ-SGP-I，III，III，III，VI，VI和VII）表现出了Eneestal的pej，当时是pej的超级血液活性，同时表现出了超级血液的活性。通过体外培养的Y器官摩尔激素（ecdysteroids）。 V和VI还显示出较弱的抑制蜕皮活性。对这些肽进行了另一种测定，以评估抑制叶片发生的活性，其中这些肽对蛋白质合成的作用是通过使用体外发展的卵巢培养的部分来检查蛋白质合成的。具有高血糖活性的六种肽在蛋白质合成中表现出抑制活性。这种抑制不仅是对卵黄素的合成，而是抑制所有蛋白质的抑制作用。所有具有高血糖活性的六种肽共享羧基末端酰胺结构。为了阐明这种结构的阳ot，我们试图通过蚕杆状病毒表达系统合成羧基末端的肽。将编码PEJ-SGP-III及其具有游离羧基末端的类似物的双链DNA化学合成并插入病毒DNA中，并将其注入蚕的第五龄幼虫中。但是我们无法在血淋巴中检测到任何III或其类似物。该物种的RPCH的氨基酸序列与迄今为止获得的其他物种相同。两个PDH彼此具有三个不同残基，在色素分散活性中同样有效。红细胞对这些激素最敏感，黄色成分和黑色素团的敏感性较低，而白细胞素的敏感性最小。