A study of the real time predicting method of typhoon wind damages

台风风害实时预测方法研究

• 批准号: 07408009
• 负责人: TANAKA Masaaki
• 金额: $ 9.6万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07408009/
• 关键词: typhoon; predicted course; pressure pattern in a typhoon; gradient wind speed; damages of house and building; wind induced waves, storm surges; relation between the wind speed and damages; sea salt damage; 台風の気圧分布式; スーパーグラディエント風; 強度の高度分布; モンテカル

In order to predict the typhoon wind damages just before a typhoon landing in the Japanese islands, the future course and central pressure of a typhoon were simulated. The basic surface wind speed could be estimated from the gradient wind velocity balancing to the moving pressure field of typhoon with modification of the supper-gradient effect inside the radius of maximum wind.On the other hand from the analysis of the past severe typhoons hitting Japanese islands, we estimated the relations of typhoon wind speed to disasters, such as, (1) buildings and structural: wind-induced failure of buildings and structurals caused by typhoons in Japan, wind-induced damage to buildings in Japan and countermeasures, on flutter stability of decks for long-span bridge, wind-induced vibration of cable of cable-stayed bridges, (2) surges: storm surges induced by typhoon 9426, near shore wave and topographic effects in storm surge, (3) salt damage: production on the sea surface and transport over land of sea-salt particles during passage of a typhoon.Then relations of typhoon wind speed to disasters were revealed.Combining the relation between wind estimated surface wind speed and wooden house damages, the new scheme to predict typhoon wind damages were formulated. It can be applied to an economical planning on disaster prevention work.

为了预测台风登陆日本列岛前的台风风害，模拟了台风未来的路径和中心压力。通过修正最大风半径内的超梯度效应，可以从梯度风速平衡台风移动压力场来估算基本表面风速。我们估算了台风风速与灾害的关系，例如：（1）建筑物和结构：日本台风造成的建筑物和结构的风致破坏、日本建筑物的风致损坏及对策、颤振的稳定性大跨桥梁桥面、斜拉桥拉索风振，(2) 潮汐：9426 号台风引发的风暴潮，风暴潮中的近岸波浪和地形影响，(3) 盐害：桥梁生产台风通过时的海面和海盐颗粒在陆地上的输送，揭示了台风风速与灾害的关系。结合风估算表面风速与木屋损坏的关系，制定了台风风害预测新方案。它可以应用于防灾工作的经济规划。

项目成果

松本勝他1名: "Role of Coupled Cerivatives on Flutter Instabilities"Wind and Structures. vol.,1,No.2. 175-181 (1998)

Masaru Matsumoto 等人：“耦合导数对颤振不稳定性的作用”，《风与结构》，第 1 卷，第 2 期（1998 年）。

田中正昭: "「新海岸工学実用事典」第2編、第6章、第5節、塩害"フジテクノスシステム. (1999)

Masaaki Tanaka：“海岸工程新实用百科全书，第 2 卷，第 6 章，第 5 节，盐害”Fuji Technos Systems (1999)。

光田寧: "軸対称渦に関する数値実験" 京都大学防災研究所年報. 39号B-1(発表予定). (1996)

光田靖：“轴对称涡旋的数值实验”京都大学防灾研究所年报第39 B-1号（待出版）。

Takano Yamashita, et als: "Effects of land topography and surface roughness in numerical of storm surges"Ann., DPRI, Kyoto Univ.,. 39 B-2. 577-591 (1996)

Takano Yamashita 等人：“陆地地形和表面粗糙度对风暴潮数值的影响”Ann.，DPRI，京都大学，。

Yasushi Mitsuta, Takeshi Fujii: "Comparison of wind speeds computed from a pressure distribution and observed at the JMA weather stations in typhoons"Jour., Japan wind engineering. 71. 15-16 (1997)

Yasushi Mitsuta、Takeshi Fujii：“根据压力分布计算出的风速与 JMA 气象站观测到的台风风速的比较”，日本风工程杂志。