Characterization and minimization of health risks by desinfection and oxidation by-products in drinking water treatment process

饮用水处理过程中消毒和氧化副产物的健康风险表征和最小化

基本信息

批准号：
07405025
负责人：
AIZAWA Takako
金额：
$ 3.84万
依托单位：
National Institute of Public Health
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Water oxidation is one of necessary unit process in drinking water treatment, especially for disinfection or pretreatment of micropollutants. Chlorination and ozonation are most popular oxidation processes in conventional and advanced treatment process. Besides chlorination yields chlorination by-products such as trihalomethane, ozonation yields bromate, bromide-containing oxidation by-product, which is a strong carcinogen.Analytical conditions of bromate using ionchromatography along with pretreatment of silver cartridge and borate elluent was established in our study. The quantitative detection limit was 2 mug/l. Bromate was found in several drinking water treatment processes in japan.Formation of bromate depends on bromide concentration in raw water, ozonation conditions and co-existing constituents. In laboratory-scale ozonation experiments of natural river water, bromate formation was inhibited by coexisting organic matters in original water, while total organic halides (TOX) and … More aldehydes were increased. Phosphate also worked as a scavenger to inhibit bromate formation in ozonation.Bromate concentration in an experimental ozonation plant was observed. Bromate concentration was correlated with ozone dose and temperature. Since elimination of bromate with following GAC/BAC process was difficult, control of bromate formation in ozonation is necessary.Health risk of bromate was estimated relatively high compared to other organic by-products formed in oxidation. In some cases, life time cancer risk of bromate elevated to 10^<-4> level. Toxicity of other organic oxidation by-products were estimated using QSAR,quantitative structure activity relationship. Bromide substituents with chlorination by-products showed stronger potential of toxicity. Out of 29 mouse and rat carcinogenicity estimation data for halogenated organic substances, 86% (25 cases) were matched with experimental results. Risk estimation and minimization can be applied for selecting alternative disinfectants. Less

水氧化是饮用水处理中必要的单元工艺之一，特别是对于微污染物的消毒或预处理。氯化和臭氧化是常规和深度处理工艺中最常用的氧化工艺，除了氯化会产生三卤甲烷等氯化副产物外，臭氧化还会产生溴酸盐。，含溴化物的氧化副产物，是一种强致癌物。溴酸盐使用的分析条件我们的研究建立了离子色谱法以及银滤芯和硼酸盐洗脱液的预处理，在日本的一些饮用水处理过程中发现了溴酸盐的定量检测限为2杯/升。溴酸盐的形成取决于原水中的溴化物浓度、臭氧化。在天然河水的实验室规模臭氧化实验中，原水中共存的有机物抑制了溴酸盐的形成，而总有机卤化物（TOX）。磷酸盐还可以作为清除剂来抑制臭氧化过程中溴酸盐的形成。在实验臭氧化装置中观察到溴酸盐浓度与臭氧剂量和温度相关。由于溴酸盐的形成很困难，因此有必要控制臭氧化过程中的溴酸盐形成。与氧化过程中形成的其他有机副产物相比，溴酸盐的健康风险估计相对较高。当溴酸盐的致癌风险升高至10^-4水平时，使用QSAR评估了溴化物取代基与氯化副产物的定量结构活性关系，显示出更强的潜在毒性。卤代有机物质的大鼠致癌性估计数据，86%（25例）与实验结果相匹配，可用于选择替代品。消毒剂少

项目成果

期刊论文数量（13）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

眞柄泰基(監修)水道水質問題研究会(編著): "水道の水質調査法[水源から給水栓まで]" 技報堂出版, 351 (1997)

Yasuki Makara（监督），供水质量问题研究组（编辑）：“自来水质量调查方法[从水源到消火栓]”Gihodo Publishing，351（1997）

DOI：
发表时间：
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影响因子：
0
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通讯作者：

Takako Aizawa: Hygienic Water Quality (in Japane), Mitsumi Kaneko ed.Gihodo, Tokyo, (1996)

Takako Aizawa：卫生水质（日文），Mitsumi Kaneko ed.Gihodo，东京，（1996 年）

DOI：
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0
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浅見真理、相沢貴子、眞柄泰基: "オゾン処理による臭素酸イオンの生成における共存有機物の影響" 水環境学会誌. 19(11). 930-936 (1996)

Mari Asami、Takako Aizawa、Yasumoto Manara：“共存有机物对臭氧处理产生溴酸盐离子的影响”日本水环境学会杂志 19(11) 930-936 (1996)。

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影响因子：
0
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Mari Asami, Takako Aizawa, Takayuki Morioka, Nobuyuki Hashimoto, wataru Nishijima, Akihisa Tabata, Yasumoto Magara: "Occurrence and BAC removal of bromate ions in drinking water treatment process" 13th Ozone World Congress, Kyoto, Japan, 1997.10.

Mari Asami、Takako Aizawa、Takayuki Morioka、Nobuyuki Hashimoto、wataru Nishijima、Akihisa Tabata、Yasumoto Magara：“饮用水处理过程中溴酸根离子的发生和 BAC 去除”第 13 届臭氧世界大会，日本京都，1997.10。