Origin of Matter and Evolution of the Early Universe and Galaxies

物质的起源以及早期宇宙和星系的演化

基本信息

批准号：
07304026
负责人：
KAJINO Toshitaka
金额：
$ 5.7万
依托单位：
National Astronomical Observatory
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07304026/
关键词：
the early Universe Big-Bang nucleosynthesis Galactic chemical evolution explosive nucleosynthesis unified theory quarks and hadrons quasars dark matter クェーサービッグバン元素合成クウェーサ-星での爆発的元素合成

项目摘要

The scientific purpose of this three year project was to study the origin of matter and the evolution of the Universe, galaxies and stars from the Big-Bang to present time. We formed four groups in order to make efficient and high-quality scientific activities in such an interdesciplinary research program. They are the research groups of (1) cosmology (on the early Universe), (2) astronomy (on galaxies and clusters), (3) nuclear astrophysics (on stars), and (4) nuclear physics (on nucleosynthesis). The members of each group consist of the admixture of astronomers and physicists from astronomy, particle physics and nuclear physics societies. The main covered research subjects are (1) cosmic electroweak and QCD phase transitions and symmetry breaking, baryogenesis, fromation of inhomogeneous space-time structure, and Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (in cosmology group), (2) fromation and evolution of galaxies and clusters, chemodynamic evolution of galaxies, gravitational lensing effects, observations of X-rays and gamma-rays from clusters and supernovae, and observations of high-redshift quasars and primordial galaxies (in astronomy group), (3) explosive nucleosynthesis in supernovae and novae, structure and formation of neutron stars and black holes, origin of cosmic rays, formation of planetary system, and spsctroscopic observations of halo stars (in nuclear astrophysics group), and (4) equation of states of nuclear matter at high density and high temperature elementary nuclear processes in explosive nucleosynthesis, stellar thermonuclear reactions, high energy spallation reactions, and their experiments (in nuclear physics group). We oranized the dicussion meetings very frequently every year in order to summarize the research products and to restructure the groups. We also organize international symposia once every year in order to discuss these products and receive international external evaluation.

这个三年项目的科学目的是研究物质的起源以及宇宙的发展，星系和恒星从大爆炸到现在的时间。我们组成了四个小组，以便在这样的跨学科研究计划中进行高效，高质量的科学活动。它们是（1）宇宙学（在早期宇宙上），（2）天文学（在星系和簇上），（3）核天体物理学（恒星）和（4）核物理学（核合成）的研究组。每个群体的成员包括天文学家和物理学家的混合，来自天文学，粒子物理和核物理社会。主要覆盖的研究受试者是（1）宇宙电子和QCD相变和对称性破裂，重生生成，不均匀时空结构的发出以及大爆角核合成（在宇宙学组中），（2）（2）星系和分子的发射和进化, chemodynamic evolution of galaxies, gravitational lensing effects, observations of X-rays and gamma-rays from clusters and supernovae, and observations of high-redshift quasars and primordial galaxies (in astronomy group), (3) explosive nucleosynthesis in supernovae and novae,中子恒星和黑洞的结构和形成，宇宙射线的起源，行星系统的形成以及光环恒星的SPSCTROSCOPIC观测值（在核天体物理学组中）以及（4）核物质状态在高密度和高温元素下的方程爆炸性核合成，恒星热核反应，高能量剥落反应及其实验（在核物理组中）中的核过程。我们每年都经常对dicussion会议进行大规模的会议，以总结研究产品并重组小组。我们还每年一次组织一次国际研讨会，以讨论这些产品并接受国际外部评估。