A Study of Snow Induced Landslide Behavior And Its Observation System

雪致滑坡行为及其观测系统研究

• 批准号: 05558052
• 负责人: ITO Takeshi
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Akita National College of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05558052/
• 关键词: Landslide disasters; Analysis of potential landslides; Water quality of melting snow; Telemetalling system; Remote sencing; Mechanical properties of greentuff; 融雪; 地すべり粘土の挙動; 地すべり危険度; テレメタリング; 水質分析; 危険度分析

Most of landslide disasters in the snowy regions are considered to be caused by deposited snow, and greentuff geological environment of composite clastic rocks and bentonic soft clays. However, detailed behavior of snow induced landslides, mechanical properties of clastic greentuff are unknown, and still remain to be studied to develop observation system of landslides especially in the snowy seasons.The main objective of our present research project for a period of two years from 1993 to 1994 is to study above mentioned points. The results obtained in the research project are summarized as follows.(1) According to the collected records on landslides, huge landslides tend to take place at the late spring because of melting snow and accompanying softened soils.(2) Soil sampling in the landslide areas in the heavy snowfall regions and laboratory tests of landslide soils were performed, and a constitutive equation for swelling behavior was found, and it was fit for swelling phenomena for all bentonic soils.(3) From testing results, many effective relationships among the mechanical properties of greentuff soils were obtained, for example, high relationship between residual shear strength and residual angle of internal friction, besides a special relationship between the shear strengths and normal stresses by water contents were found, i.e., Coulomb's law for failure mechanism was not fit for the samples whose water content higher than 35%.(4) To review the risk degrees of each potential landslides which were pointed out by local government in 1991, principal component analysis method was applied, and new potential landslide maps were thus made for Akita, Yamagata, and Miyagi ptrefectures.These are very useful to prevent and control landslide disasters.(5) Automatic observation system for snow weather situations was set up at the top of landslide area, and effective results were obtained to make clear the behavior of snow induced landslides.

雪地区域中的大部分滑坡灾害被认为是由沉积的积雪以及复合碎屑岩石和时候时弯曲粘土的绿色地质环境造成的。然而，降雪引起的滑坡的详细行为，碎屑绿色的机械性能尚不清楚，并且仍有待研究的研究以发展滑坡的观察系统，尤其是在雪地季节。 1993年至1994年将在上述要点进行研究。 （1）根据滑坡上收集的记录，在研究项目中获得的结果总结了，巨大的滑坡倾向于在春末发生，这是由于融化的雪和伴随的柔软的土壤。进行了大降雪区域和山体滑坡土壤的实验室测试，发现了肿胀行为的组成方程，并且适合于所有本特型土壤的肿胀现象。（3）从测试结果中，许多有效的关系除了发现剪切强度和内部摩擦的残留角度之间，还获得了绿色土壤的特性，除了发现剪切强度和水含量的正常应力之间的特殊关系，即库仑的失败机制不合适，也不适合。 （4）审查当地政府在1991年指出的每个潜在滑坡的风险程度（4），采用了主要成分分析方法，并为Akita制作了新的潜在滑坡图，Yamagata和Miyagi ptrefectures。这些对于预防和控制滑坡灾害非常有用。（5）在雪地滑坡区域的顶部建立了自动观察系统，并获得了有效的结果，以澄清雪的行为诱发滑坡。

项目成果

伊藤・矢田部・高橋: "ネパールの自然災害" 東北地域災害科学研究. 30. 107-114 (1994)

Ito、Yatabe 和 Takahashi：“尼泊尔的自然灾害”东北地区灾害科学研究。 30. 107-114 (1994)

T.Hasegawa & T.Ito: "An observation of Acid Snow" 秋田高専研究紀要. 30. 198-201 (1994)

T.Hasekawa 和 T.Ito：“酸雪的观察”秋田国立技术大学研究通报 30. 198-201 (1994)。

伊藤 驍: "地すべり危険箇所の危険度評価に関する研究" 東北・北陸地方の豪雪地帯における雪崩と地すべり発生の要因分析法に関する研究、平成2〜4年度試験研究(B)(1)研究成果報告書. 79-89 (1993)

伊藤毅：《滑坡多发地区的风险评估研究》东北及北陆地区大雪地区雪崩、滑坡发生的因子分析方法研究，1990-1990年试点研究（B）（1）研究结果报告.79-89 (1993)

伊藤 驍、江口正紀: "東北・北陸地方の雪による地すべり発生に関する研究" 同上. 59-78 (1993)

Ito, Masaki：“东北和北陆地区雪引起山体滑坡的研究”同上 59-78 (1993)。

Takeshi ITO: "A Statistical Study Of Landslide Disasters In The Snowy Regions" Proceedings Of International Conference On Landslides, Slope Stability & The Safety Of Infra-Structures. 1. 191-197 (1994)

伊藤武：《雪域滑坡灾害统计研究》滑坡、边坡稳定性国际会议论文集