Comparative eco-ethology of African Primates

非洲灵长类动物的比较生态行为学

基本信息

批准号：
04041066
负责人：
SUGIYAMA Yukimaru
金额：
$ 16.32万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have carried out the comparative ethology and ecology of chimpanzees and monkeys at different environment of west Africa. Study fields were Bossou and Monts Nimba at the frontier of Guinea and Ivory Coast for chimpanzees, Tai of Ivory Coast for Cercopithecoid monkeys, and Kalamaloue of Cameroon for patas monkeys. Main results were as follows.1. Behavior of hammer-anvil using for cracking hard-nuts by chimpanzees was analyzed. They begin this behavior at 3-4years old but are keen at about 10. Some are right and others are left hand users, however, at least adults show exclusive laterality in hammer-use.2. Chimpanzees collect and eat aggressive safari-ants using wand. Sixty wands were examined their characteristics and also user's age-sex.3. Leaf-sponge using for drinking water by chimpanzees was analyzed their seasonality, preference of leaf species, and user's age-sex from about 100 episodes.4. Pestle-pounding behavior by chimpanzees using a leaf-stalk of oil-palm at its top was first recorded for making and drinking sap. In a few cases chimpanzees collected sap with "fiber-sponges" as tool-composite.5. Coula edulis is a target for hammer-using at Yeale, Monts Nimba, and absent at Bossou. Some Coula nuts were presented to Bossou chimpanzees. Only an adult female cracked it, juveniles gradually learned but others neglected. Field experiment using "false-nut" suggested that she immigrated from a "Coula forest" .6. Flora of Bossou was listed up and its use by human and chimpanzee was made clear.7. Interspecies vocal communication in a mixed-species group by 7 species of monkeys were analyzed at the rain-forest of Tai.8. Although patas monkeys of dry-savanna have uni-male-group but promiscuous breeding was detected by DNA fingerprinting.

我们已经在西非不同环境中进行了黑猩猩和猴子的比较伦理学和生态。研究场是几内亚边境和象牙海岸的Bossou和Montns Nimba，用于黑猩猩，象牙海岸的Tai用于cercopithecoid Monkeys，以及喀麦隆的Kalamaloue用于Patas Monkeys。主要结果如下1。分析了黑猩猩用来破坏硬核的锤子 - anvil的行为。他们以3-4岁的年龄开始这种行为，但渴望大约10岁。有些是对的，而另一些则是左手用户，但是，至少成年人在Hammer-use中表现出独特的横向性。2。黑猩猩用魔杖收集和吃激进的野生动物园。检查了六十个魔杖的特征以及用户的年龄性3。分析了黑猩猩的饮用水，分析了它们的季节性，叶子的偏爱以及用户的年龄性别约100集。4。首次记录了黑猩猩使用石油膜的叶状纹状体，首次记录了制作和饮用汁液的瘟疫行为。在少数情况下，黑猩猩用“纤维长期”作为工具复合材料收集了SAP。5。库拉·埃利斯（Coula Edulis）是尼姆巴（Monts Nimba）Yeale的锤子，在Bossou中缺席。一些库拉坚果呈现给Bossou Chimpanzees。只有一名成年女性破裂，少年逐渐学到，但其他却被忽略了。使用“ false-nut”的现场实验表明她从“库拉森林”中移民。6。 Bossou的Flora被列出，人类和黑猩猩的使用清楚了7。在Tai.8的雨林中分析了7种猴子在混合物种组中的种间声音交流。尽管Dry-Savanna的Patas猴子有Uni-Male组，但通过DNA指纹识别检测到混杂的繁殖。