Clinical Application of Functional Brain Cortical Mapping Using Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography

脑磁图和脑电图功能性脑皮质绘图的临床应用

基本信息

批准号：
03404042
负责人：
YOSHIMOTO Takashi
金额：
$ 17.92万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03404042/
关键词：
Magnetoencephalography Functional cortical map Somatosensory evoked response Auditory evoked response Visually evoked response SQUID Dipole model Epileptic spike 磁気脳波電気脳波脳機能地図 MRI 電流双極子推定運動準備反応逆問題非侵襲生体計測

项目摘要

We developed a MRI-linked whole head magnetoencephalography (MEG) system as a tool of non-invasive functional brain mapping. In 20 healthy subjects, 80 patients with intracranial structural lesions and 4 patients with intractable seizures, neuromagnetic fields were measured over the entire head, using a helmet shaped 66 channel MEG system.First, we measured somatosensory evoked field (SEF), auditory evoked field (AEF), and visually evoked field (VEF). We localized generators of above brain activities, using a multiple dipole model with a best-fitting sphere for each subject's head. Finally, the dipoles were superimposed on 3-D MRI.SEF for median and tibial nerve stimuli localized the contralateral central sulcus. AEF for tones localized bilateral superior temporal planes. VEF localized calcarine fissure contralateral to the stimulated half visual field. Positions of the sources were precisely on the responsible cortical surface, with standard deviation of 2-4 mm, either with or without structural lesions.Second, in patients with epilepsy, interictal epileptic discharges were measured by means of both MEG and EEG.We observed two dipole patterns bilaterally in two cases. These dipolar patterns overlap each other across the midline. A two dipole model estimated "spike" or "wave" dipoles in bilateral neocortices, unilateral neocortex and contralateral mesial temporal structure, or bilateral mesial temporal structures. In the other 2 cases, single dipole pattern appeared on unilateral hemisphere only ; these spike or wave hipoles were estimated within one lobe. The whole head MEG system is useful to localize multifocal epileptic discharges, as well as to evaluate signal propagation between bilateral hemispheres.In summary, MEG localized cortical function non-invasively, with exceptionally high spatial resolution confirmed by our MRI-linked system. This technique was useful for conventional and intravascular neurosurgery, as well as for stereotaxic radiosurgery.

我们开发了一种 MRI 连接的全头脑磁图 (MEG) 系统，作为非侵入性功能性大脑绘图的工具。使用头盔型66通道MEG系统，对20名健康受试者、80名颅内结构性病变患者和4名顽固性癫痫发作患者进行整个头部的神经磁场测量。首先，我们测量体感诱发场（SEF）、听觉诱发场(AEF) 和视觉诱发场 (VEF)。我们使用多偶极子模型来定位上述大脑活动的发生器，该模型具有最适合每个受试者头部的球体。最后，将偶极子叠加在 3-D MRI.SEF 上，以刺激对侧中央沟的正中神经和胫神经。 AEF 用于局部双侧颞上平面的音调。 VEF 局部距裂位于受刺激半视野的对侧。源的位置精确地在负责的皮质表面上，标准偏差为2-4毫米，无论有或没有结构性病变。其次，在癫痫患者中，通过MEG和EEG测量发作间期癫痫放电。我们观察到在两种情况下双边有两个偶极子图案。这些偶极图案在中线彼此重叠。双偶极子模型估计双侧新皮质、单侧新皮质和对侧内侧颞叶结构或双侧内侧颞叶结构中的“尖峰”或“波”偶极子。另外2例仅在单侧半球出现单偶极子图案；这些尖峰或波 hipoles 是在一个叶内估计的。整个头部 MEG 系统可用于定位多灶性癫痫放电，以及评估双侧半球之间的信号传播。总之，MEG 非侵入性地定位皮质功能，具有由我们的 MRI 连接系统证实的极高空间分辨率。该技术对于传统和血管内神经外科以及立体定向放射外科非常有用。