Clinical Application of Functional Brain Cortical Mapping Using Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography

脑磁图和脑电图功能性脑皮质绘图的临床应用

基本信息

批准号：
03404042
负责人：
YOSHIMOTO Takashi
金额：
$ 17.92万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03404042/
关键词：
Magnetoencephalography Functional cortical map Somatosensory evoked response Auditory evoked response Visually evoked response SQUID Dipole model Epileptic spike 磁気脳波電気脳波脳機能地図 MRI 電流双極子推定運動準備反応逆問題非侵襲生体計測

项目摘要

We developed a MRI-linked whole head magnetoencephalography (MEG) system as a tool of non-invasive functional brain mapping. In 20 healthy subjects, 80 patients with intracranial structural lesions and 4 patients with intractable seizures, neuromagnetic fields were measured over the entire head, using a helmet shaped 66 channel MEG system.First, we measured somatosensory evoked field (SEF), auditory evoked field (AEF), and visually evoked field (VEF). We localized generators of above brain activities, using a multiple dipole model with a best-fitting sphere for each subject's head. Finally, the dipoles were superimposed on 3-D MRI.SEF for median and tibial nerve stimuli localized the contralateral central sulcus. AEF for tones localized bilateral superior temporal planes. VEF localized calcarine fissure contralateral to the stimulated half visual field. Positions of the sources were precisely on the responsible cortical surface, with standard deviation of 2-4 mm, either with or without structural lesions.Second, in patients with epilepsy, interictal epileptic discharges were measured by means of both MEG and EEG.We observed two dipole patterns bilaterally in two cases. These dipolar patterns overlap each other across the midline. A two dipole model estimated "spike" or "wave" dipoles in bilateral neocortices, unilateral neocortex and contralateral mesial temporal structure, or bilateral mesial temporal structures. In the other 2 cases, single dipole pattern appeared on unilateral hemisphere only ; these spike or wave hipoles were estimated within one lobe. The whole head MEG system is useful to localize multifocal epileptic discharges, as well as to evaluate signal propagation between bilateral hemispheres.In summary, MEG localized cortical function non-invasively, with exceptionally high spatial resolution confirmed by our MRI-linked system. This technique was useful for conventional and intravascular neurosurgery, as well as for stereotaxic radiosurgery.

我们开发了MRI连接的整个头部磁摄影系统（MEG）系统，作为非侵入性功能性脑映射的工具。在20名健康受试者中，使用头盔形状的66通道MEG系统，在整个头部测量了80例患有颅内结构病变的患者和4例顽固性癫痫发作的患者，在整个头部测量了神经磁场。我们将上述大脑活动的发电机局部化，使用多个偶极模型，该模型适合每个受试者的头部最合适的球体。最后，将偶极子叠加在3-D MRI.SEF上，用于中位和胫骨神经刺激，将对侧中央沟局部定位。音调的AEF局部双侧上级颞平面。 VEF局部钙化的钙裂与刺激的半视野对侧。来源的位置精确地位于负责任的皮质表面上，标准偏差为2-4 mm，无论有或没有结构性病变。第二，在癫痫患者中，通过MEG和EEG均可测量癫痫发作的患者。在两种情况下，通过MEG和EEG进行了两种偶极模式。这些偶极模式在整个中线彼此重叠。两个偶极模型估计双侧新皮层，单侧新皮层和对侧内膜时间结构或双侧介体时间结构中的“尖峰”或“波浪”偶极子。在其他两种情况下，单偶极模式仅出现在单侧半球上。这些尖峰或波浪的hipole是在一个叶中估计的。整个头部MEG系统对于定位多灶性癫痫的放电以及评估双侧半球之间的信号传播很有用。总而言之，MEG局部皮质功能非侵袭性，并具有异常高的空间分辨率，并由我们的MRI链接系统确认。该技术可用于常规和血管内神经外科以及立体式放射外科手术。