Studies on translocation of assimilates into fruits, and it's metabolism in horticultural plants.

同化物向果实的转运及其在园艺植物中的代谢研究。

基本信息

批准号：
02660021
负责人：
MOTOMURA Yoshie
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02660021/
关键词：
Grape Melon European pear Translocation of assimilates Translocation route of assimilates Metabolism of translocation subtances

项目摘要

a. ^<14>C-Assimilates partitioning and its metabolism in melon and cucumber plants.Effect of leaf position on the main stem on the distribution of ^<14>C-assimilates into melon fruits on the lateral shoot was little detected. ^<14>C-assimilates produced in the ^<14>CO_2-fed-leaf translocated to petiol, stem just below the ^<14>CO_2-fed-leaf, leteral shoot with fruit, peduncle and fruit. In these tissues, distributions of ^<14>C in fructose, glucose, sucrose and oligosaccharides fractions were investigated. Percentage distribution of ^<14>C in oligosaccharides fraction decreased gradually, in the tissues along the translocation route, in melon and cucumber plants, but the percentage values were always higher in melon plant compared with cucumber plant. Percentage distributions of ^<14>C in sucrose and monosaccharides fraction increased in the tissues along the translocation route, in both of melon and cucumber plants. These results suggest that the translocation substances could be meta … More bolized in the tissues along the translocation route, and the degradation activity in melon differed to cucumber.b. Metabolism of assimilates in grapevine.Translocation substance in grape-vine was reported as sucrose, but in the shoots 2-3 weeks after. full bloom, the sugars translocated fbom ^<14>C0_2-fed-leaf to the bark of stem was mainly monosaccharides in 'Delaware' while mainly sucrose in 'Concord'. In the peduncle and fruits in both cultivars, no or little ^<14>C-sucrose was detected. These results suggests that the degradation activity of translocation substances in the tissues along the translocation route are varying with cultivars.c. Estimation of maturity of 'La France' pear fruit by I_2-starch reaction.Fruits of European pear 'La France' are harvested about 165 days after full bloom, in Yamagata Prefecture in Japan, but the fruits quality after ripening are not similar by years. For the estimation of the maturity of the fruits, color of the I_2-strach reaction 15 min after painting of the reagent is the most practical methods. Based on the investigation of the starch content in the growing and maturing fruits for five years from 1986-1991, it was considered that the quantity of accumulated starch in flesh of fruits until the end of August and the decreasing speed of the starch from middle September to the beginning of October have to be measured to estimate the fruit maturity. Development of the practical method to estimate the degradation speed of starch by I2-starch reaction was tried. Less

a.^<14>C-同化物在瓜类和黄瓜植物中的分配及其代谢。主茎上的叶位置对^<14>C-同化物在侧枝上分配到瓜果中的影响几乎没有被检测到。 <14>C-同化物在 ^<14>CO_2-fed-leaf 中产生，易位至叶柄，茎正下方^ 14 C-饲喂叶、带有果实、花序梗和果实的幼苗，在这些组织中，研究了^ 14 C在果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和寡糖级分中的分布。在瓜类和黄瓜植物中，沿易位途径的组织中寡糖含量逐渐减少，但在瓜类植物中百分比值始终较高与黄瓜植物相比，在甜瓜和黄瓜植物中，沿易位途径的组织中^ 14 C的百分比分布增加。 b. 葡萄藤中同化物的代谢。葡萄藤中的易位物质被报道为蔗糖，但在盛花后2-3周，从^<14>C0_2-饲喂叶转移到茎皮的糖在'Delaware'中主要是单糖，而在'Concord'中主要是蔗糖。在两个品种的花序梗和果实中，没有检测到或检测到很少的^ 14 C-蔗糖。这些结果表明易位物质的降解活性。 c. 通过 I_2-淀粉反应估计“La France”梨果实的成熟度。欧洲梨“La France”的果实在盛花后约 165 天收获，位于山形县。日本，但不同年份成熟后的果实品质差异不大，对于果实成熟度的判断，以涂试剂后15min的I_2-strach反应颜色最为明显。通过对1986-1991年5年生长期果实淀粉含量的调查，认为截至8月底果实果肉中淀粉积累量及淀粉减少速度。 9月中旬至10月初必须测量以估计果实成熟度，并尝试开发了通过I2-淀粉反应估计淀粉降解速度的实用方法。