THE STUDY OF MANGANESE OXIDIZING BACTERIA

锰氧化细菌的研究

基本信息

批准号：
02640457
负责人：
SATO Yoshio
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
SCHOOL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TOKAI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The importance of microbial oxidation of manganese reported in diverse environments : soils, lakes and oceans. However, genera, characteristics and distribution of manganese oxidizing bacteria in marine environments are little known. In this report, the distribution pattern, morphological characteristics of colonies and genera of manganese oxidizing bacteria in marine environments were examined. The relation between the distribution of chemical elements and that of manganese bacteria were also investigated in sea water and sediments.The number of manganese oxidizing bacteria decreases from the coasts to offshore regions which corresponds to the distribution of dissolved manganese and manganese oxide particles in sea water. The vertical distribution pattern of manganese oxidizing bacteria in water column indicates that they live in surface and bottom-water. Although manganese oxidizing bacteria in some sediments were abundant in the oxic layer, they were limited to the sediments in which oxic diagenesis occurs or upward migration of Mn^<2+> through pore water is active as a result of anoxic diagenesis in the deeper layer.Dominant genera of manganese oxidizing bacteria found in marine environments are Pseudomonas. Vibrio, Aeromonas, Flavobacterium, Micrococcus, Alcaligenes and Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Aeromonas, Alcaligenes and Bacillus among them, show strong manganese oxidizing activity and their activity can be visually deter-mined on K medium by brown precipitates in their colonies.The oxidation rate constant of manganses by microbial mediation in seawater was about 2X10^<21>mol^<-4>l^4d^<-1>, which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that obtained in Saanich lnlet and three orders of magnitude larger than that measured inorganically in the laboratory.

在各种环境中报道的锰的微生物氧化的重要性：土壤，湖泊和海洋。然而，在海洋环境中锰氧化细菌的属，特征和分布鲜为人知。在本报告中，研究了在海洋环境中的分布模式，菌落的形态特征和锰氧化细菌的属。还研究了化学元素的分布与锰细菌的分布之间的关系。在海水和沉积物中。锰氧化细菌的数量从海岸到近海区域减少，这与溶解的锰和锰氧化物在海水中的分布相对应。水柱中锰氧化细菌的垂直分布模式表明它们生活在地面和底部水中。尽管某些沉积物中的锰氧化细菌在氧化层中很丰富，但它们仅限于在孔隙水中出现Mn^<2+>通过孔隙水的沉积物或向上迁移，这是由于较深层中的缺氧成岩作用而导致的。在海洋环境中发现的锰氧化细菌的域属是假单胞菌。 Vibrio，Aeromonas，Flavobacterium，Microcococcus，Alcaligenes和Bacillus，Pseudomonas，Vibrio，Vibrio，Aeromonas，Alcaligenes，Alcaligenes和Bacillus中都表现出强大的锰氧化活性，它们的活性及其活性及其活性可以在其上被视觉上通过其融合在介质上的氧化作用。海水中微生物介导的芒果的速率常数约为2x10^<21> mol^<-4> l^4d^<-1>，这比Saanich lnlet所获得的速度小两个数量级，三个数量级要大三个数量级比在实验室中无机测量的。