Study on economic duty of water and optimum scale of irrigation facilities

水经济责任及灌溉设施最佳规模研究

• 批准号: 02302081
• 负责人: NISHIDE Tsutomu
• 金额: $ 7.74万
• 依托单位: Gifu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02302081/
• 关键词: Farm pond; Quantity of capillary water; Model of management analysis; Heat balance; Consumptive use; Available rainfall; Standard irrigation water; 有効土層; 灌漑強度; 蒸発散位; 土壌水分消費; 点滴灌漑; 生長阻害分点; 毛管上昇量; 蒸発散; 組織容量; ファ-ムポンド; 基準灌水量

The results obtained in 1992 are summarized as follows: 1. Measurement and estimation of evapotranspiration.... Evapotranspiration from a turf was measured by heat balance method and consumptive use was presumed by tensiometer measurement in the turf soil. Furthermore, consumptive use was analyzed for evapotranspiration and water quantity passing through the effective soil layer. 2. Amount of capillary water from the subsoil layer.... Evapotranspiration and capillary rising flow were measured accurately by using a soil column apparatus. A cylinder 30cm in diameter and 100cm in height was filled uniformly with soil, and porous cups of seven tensiometers were set at depths of 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, and 65cm below the surface. Then a groundwater table was set up at the lower end of the cylinder and the quantity of capillary water as well as the evapotranspiration rate were measured. Soil water movement changed with different conditions of soil texture, water table, and effective soil layer. In the case of sandy soil, capillary rise was not significant. On the other hand, the direction of soil moisture movement in silt changed upwards six days after irrigation and the intensity of capillary rising flow was about 1.0mm/d, for eight days irrigation interval. The effect of water table may not be taken into account except when water table is very shallow, less than 1m below ground surface. 3. Adequate scale of water supply system....Main and sub-main irrigation canal system - Capacity of farm pond - Supplying dry field with irrigation water (restriction of water quantity to certain hours). Considerable adjustment was done on the above-mentioned three objectives. Then, the optimum scale of regulating the reservoir for field irrigation was investigated. 4. Effective rainfall in an area....For the purpose of grasping the actual conditions of effective rainfall, the author rearranged the solution of effective rainfall in the field and suggested new analytical method.

1992年获得的结果总结如下：1。通过热平衡法测量了来自草皮的蒸散液的测量和估计。通过热平衡法测量了蒸散液，并且通过在草皮土壤中的张力计测量值来假定消耗性用途。此外，分析了消费性用途，以通过有效的土壤层经过蒸散量和水量。 2。通过使用土壤柱装置来准确测量蒸散量和毛细血管上升流的毛细血管水量。圆柱直径30厘米，高度100厘米，用土壤均匀地填充，并将七个张紧仪的多孔杯子设置在5、15、25、35、35、45、55、55、55、55、55、55、55、55、55、55、55和65厘米以下。然后在圆柱体的下端设置了一个地下水表，并测量了毛细血管水的数量以及蒸散率。土壤水运动随着土壤纹理，地下水位和有效土壤层的不同条件而变化。在沙质土壤的情况下，毛细管升高并不显着。另一方面，灌溉后六天的淤泥方向向上变化，毛细管上升的强度约为1.0mm/d，持续八天。除了地下水位非常浅，低于地面以下的水位，地下水位的效果可能不考虑在地面上。 3。供水系统的足够规模....主要和亚梅因灌溉管系统 - 农场池塘的容量 - 向干地供应灌溉水（限制水量到某些小时）。对上述三个目标进行了大量调整。然后，研究了调节储层进行现场灌溉的最佳尺度。 4。在某个区域的有效降雨量。...为了掌握有效降雨的实际条件，作者重新排列了田间有效降雨的解决方案，并提出了新的分析方法。

项目成果

丸山 利輔,千家 正照,西出 勤: "土壌水の動態と下層からの毛管補給" 農業土木学会誌. 58(11). 1087-1091 (1990)

Risuke Maruyama、Masateru Senke、Tsutomu Nishide：“土壤水和下层毛细管供给的动力学”，日本农业和土木工程师学会杂志 58(11) (1990)。

丸山 利輔,西出 勤,千家 正照: "土壌水の動態と下層からの毛管補給の理論的研究〜下層からの毛管補給に関する研究(II)〜" 農業土木学会論文集.

Risuke Maruyama、Tsutomu Nishide、Masateru Senke：“土壤水动力学和下层毛细管供给的理论研究 - 下层毛细管供给的研究（II）”日本农业土木工程学会论文集。

千家 正照,河野 英一: "基準的な潅水量と降雨有効化の検討" 農業土木学会志. 58(11). 27-33 (1990)

Masateru Senke，Eiichi Kono：“标准灌溉量和降雨有效性的研究”日本农业和土木工程师学会杂志 58（11）（1990）。

河野 英一: "畑地における有効雨量" 畑地灌漑の研究. 26. 24-40 (1992)

Eiichi Kono：“高地有效降雨量”高地灌溉研究 26. 24-40 (1992)。

三浦 健志: "蒸発散と消費水量" 畑地灌漑の研究. 26. 41-67 (1992)

Kenji Miura：“蒸发蒸腾和耗水量”田间灌溉研究 26. 41-67 (1992)。