A Basic Study of Legal Expert System--Artificial Intelligence Aproach to Legal Reasoning--

法律专家系统基础研究--人工智能法律推理方法--

基本信息

批准号：
02301071
负责人：
YOSHINO Hajime
金额：
$ 9.6万
依托单位：
Meiji Gakuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The object of this research is to clarify the logical structure of legal knowledge through the analysis of the language of positive law, and to develop a basis for a legal expert system which can carry out inferencing for legal justification according to its praxis. In order to clarify and demonstrate these principles and methods, this research aims at making an experimental prototype on an AI workstation which consists of a knowledge base, an inference engine and a user interface. We have almost completely accomplished this research objective.(1) As far as the clarification of the structure of the legal knowledge is concerned, we have analyzed the articles of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (part) in terms of the legal requirements and legal effects and made clear logical connections among the legal rules.(2)On the AI-workstation PSI-II, we have made a legal-knowledge base composed of compound predicate logical formulae of legal rules and meta-legal rules in the above areas.(3) As fat as the inference engine is concerned, we have achieved the following : (a) we have developed an inference engine which performs inferencing to determine the applicable legal rules while treating those inferences dedctively ; (b) we have built a system to explain the inferencial processes performed ; (c) we have implemented an engineering model of adductive reasoning using legal thesaurus structures and have examined its efficacy and relevant problems. Further more we have clarified certain principles and methods of the electronic concept dictionary of low.We can say that we have successfully examined the logical, legal-philosophical, legal-sociological, civil law, information-engineering and knowledge-engineering foundations of the field. The has convinced us that using this work as a basis we can undertake research toward the development of a full-scale legal expert system.

本研究的目的是通过对实证法语言的分析，厘清法律知识的逻辑结构，并为能够根据其实践进行法律正当性推理的法律专家系统奠定基础。为了阐明和演示这些原理和方法，本研究旨在在人工智能工作站上制作一个实验原型，该工作站由知识库、推理引擎和用户界面组成。我们已经基本完成了这一研究目标。（1）就法律知识结构的厘清而言，我们对《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》（部分）条款进行了分析： (2)在人工智能工作站PSI-II上,建立了由法律规则复合谓词逻辑公式和元法律组成的法律知识库上面的规则（3）就推理机而言，我们已经实现了以下目标：（a）我们开发了一种推理机，它执行推理以确定适用的法律规则，同时以演绎方式处理这些推理； (b) 我们建立了一个系统来解释所执行的推理过程； (c) 我们利用法律同义词库结构实施了归纳推理的工程模型，并审查了其功效和相关问题。进一步阐明了低电子概念词典的某些原则和方法。可以说，我们已经成功地考察了该领域的逻辑学、法哲学、法社会学、民法、信息工程和知识工程基础。。这使我们相信，以这项工作为基础，我们可以开展研究，开发全面的法律专家系统。