Sorption of palladium(II) on biotite, quartz and feldspar in brackish groundwater by batch experiment, sorption model and DFT calculation

间歇实验、吸附模型和DFT计算微咸地下水中黑云母、石英和长石对钯(II)的吸附

• 批准号: 561141-2020
• 负责人: Nagasaki, Shinya
• 金额: $ 7.79万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=721901
• 关键词: Sorption; palladium; II; biotite; quartz

Internationally, agencies such as the NWMO (Nuclear Waste Management Organization) are considering underground deep geological repositories in either crystalline or sedimentary rock formations as a safe and long-term solution to the disposal of used nuclear fuel. These agencies will have to prepare a safety assessment to demonstrate that used nuclear fuel will be safely managed over hundreds of thousands of years. The reliability of the safety assessment will be improved if the sorption behaviours of radionuclides in the engineered and natural barriers of the repository are well characterized. In Canada, the NWMO is engaging with two potential siting areas, one in granitic rock and one in sedimentary rock. In this project, the sorption of Pd(II) on biotite, quartz and feldspar will be studied. (Pd-107 is a long-lived fission product present in used nuclear fuel in appreciable amounts. Quartz and feldspar are main mineral components of granite. Biotite is a common but minor mineral component of granite and is considered to dominate the sorption of some radionuclides such as Cs on granite.) The sorption reactions will be identified by integrating the experiments with a sorption model and with quantum chemistry calculations, and the optimized equilibrium constants of reactions will be evaluated. Qualified sorption data will be compiled in the sorption database of the NWMO. This study will lead to long-term benefits to Canadian society, as it will allow for increased confidence that a safe site has been selected (ensuring future health and wellbeing of Canadians and the environment). This project will use the unique research capability and expertise at McMaster University for working with trace radionuclides and extend our scientific understanding of sorption processes of one of the nuclides in safety assessment. Importantly, this will also contribute to the development of highly qualified personnel in the fields of used nuclear fuel management.

在国际上，NWMO（核废物管理组织）等机构正在考虑在结晶岩或沉积岩地层中建立地下深层地质处置库，作为处理废核燃料的安全且长期的解决方案。这些机构必须准备一份安全评估，以证明用过的核燃料将​​在数十万年内得到安全管理。如果能够很好地表征处置库的工程屏障和天然屏障中放射性核素的吸附行为，则安全评估的可靠性将会得到提高。 在加拿大，NWMO 正在研究两个潜在选址区域，一处位于花岗岩区域，另一处位于沉积岩区域。本项目将研究 Pd(II) 在黑云母、石英和长石上的吸附。 （Pd-107 是一种长寿命裂变产物，大量存在于用过的核燃料中。石英和长石是花岗岩的主要矿物成分。黑云母是花岗岩中常见但次要的矿物成分，被认为在某些放射性核素的吸附中起主导作用。例如花岗岩上的Cs。）通过将实验与吸附模型和量子化学计算相结合来识别吸附反应，并评估反应的优化平衡常数。合格的吸附数据将被汇编到 NWMO 的吸附数据库中。这项研究将为加拿大社会带来长期利益，因为它将增强人们对选择安全地点的信心（确保加拿大人和环境的未来健康和福祉）。 该项目将利用麦克马斯特大学独特的研究能力和专业知识来处理痕量放射性核素，并扩展我们对安全评估中一种核素吸附过程的科学理解。重要的是，这也将有助于废旧核燃料管理领域高素质人才的培养。