Study on the structure and evolution of isozyme alleles and their relation to phylogeny in citrus

柑橘同工酶等位基因的结构、进化及其与系统发育的关系研究

基本信息

批准号：
63560031
负责人：
WAKANA Akira
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Isozymes of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) in leaves and pollens of about 200 cultivars of Citrus and related genera were analyzed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Isozymes of the other 4 enzymes in leaves were also analyzed using starch gel electrophoresis.GOT is coded by three loci Got-1, Got-2 and Got-3. No linkage was found between the three loci. On Got-1, Got-3 and Got-3, 5,5 and 7 alleles were detected. Since migration distances of allozymes coded by alleles B, C and I at Got-3 and those coded by alleles B, C and I at Got-3 were overlapped on the gell, and since many citrus cultivars were found to have these alleles, the gene Got-3 is considered to evolve grom Got-2 by gene duplication. However, origin of the gene duplication is supposed to be in a very early time of citrus evolution, since Got-3 is plastid specific while Got-2 is cytozol specific. From alozyme variation in Citrus, phylogeny in Citrus is considered as follows: First, a primitive citron and a primitive mandarin evolved, and a primitive pumelo emerged from these hybrids. Papeda, lime and lemon were considered to hybrids of citrons, while sour oranges and sweet oranges were considered to be a hybris between pimelo and mandarin. On the other hand, tachibana evolved from mandarins and yuzu evolved from a hybrid between mandarin and papeda.The results of the other isozyme analysis, from which 11 alleles were detected, also supported this hypothesis. These alleles found in this study are also useful for confirmation of cultivars. distingushing zygotic seedlings from nucellar ones and identification of hybrid seedlings.

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对约 200 个柑橘品种及相关属的叶片和花粉中的谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶 (GOT) 同工酶进行了分析。还利用淀粉凝胶电泳对叶片中其他4种酶的同工酶进行了分析。GOT由三个位点Got-1、Got-2和Got-3编码。三个基因座之间没有发现连锁。在 Got-1、Got-3 和 Got-3 上检测到 5,5 和 7 等位基因。由于 Got-3 的等位基因 B、C 和 I 编码的等位基因与 Got-3 的等位基因 B、C 和 I 编码的等位基因的迁移距离在凝胶上重叠，并且由于发现许多柑橘品种具有这些等位基因，因此基因Got-3被认为是通过基因复制从Got-2进化而来的。然而，基因复制的起源应该是在柑橘进化的非常早期的时期，因为 Got-3 是质体特异性的，而 Got-2 是细胞质特异性的。根据柑橘中的酶变异，柑橘的系统发育被认为如下：首先，原始香橼和原始柑橘进化出来，并从这些杂交中出现了原始柚子。 Papeda、酸橙和柠檬被认为是香橼的杂交品种，而酸橙和甜橙则被认为是柚子和柑橘的杂交品种。另一方面，橘子是从柑橘进化而来的，柚子是从柑橘和柚子的杂交进化而来的。另一个同工酶分析的结果，检测到了11个等位基因，也支持了这一假设。本研究中发现的这些等位基因也可用于品种的确认。区分合子苗和珠心苗以及杂交苗的鉴定。