A formulation of spatial price equilibrium model and its computation procedure

空间价格均衡模型的建立及其计算过程

基本信息

批准号：
63550387
负责人：
MIYAGI Toshihiko
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Gifu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Since Samuelson (1952) pointed out that there exists an objective function where maximization satisfies the conditions of perfectly competitive equilibria among spatially separated markets, the use of mathematical programming approach to study market behavior over space has been significantly progressed in this field. Many works developed so far generally treat a perfectly competitive model or a monopoly model, however, it is natural feeling that a real world for markets of most primary commodities and manufactured goods lie somewhat between these two extremes,taking some forms of oligopoly. The purpose of this research is first. to extend the Greenhut model so as to permit spatial pricing in commodity market where it could happen that no trading takes place between some pairs of regions and second, to provide an efficient and easily implementable computational procedure for finding the inter-regional equilibrium commodity flow in spatially separated oligopolistic market, which is appl … More icable to spatial pricing with nonlinear marginal- production cost and the sub-optimization program of the variational equality. formulation of the spatial price equilibrium model.Three major conclusions were drawn from this research. First, the fundamental pricing equation is essentially the same as the composite performance function used in traffic equilibrium. However, the composite performance function is no more than convenient device of interpreting equilibrium processes given demand function and individual performance functions and has not been used for computational purposes. It can be said that G-G model gives an idea about how to make the composite function for computational purposes given individual cost (or performance) functions. On the other hand,methodology cultivate in traffic equilibrium may shed light on a special type of spatial oligopolistic equilibrium model, conceptually and numerically. Second, it was shown that in a spatial oligopolistic market, as like in spaceless economy, if there is excess quantity in market it makes to raise market price and that excess quantity vanish if the market is in equilibrium. These results imply that as long as market is tentative, there exists tentative flows and that some firms exit from the market because of suffering deficit. Thus, a computational procedure was structured so as to reflect such phenomena. As far as a numerical example demonstrated in section 3 is concerned, the procedure proposed in this paper seems not only to converge to the equilibrium state in an efficient ways, but also to be easily implementable. Third, the method developed in this paper is likely to be efficient in spatial pricing with nonlinear marginal-production cost as well by introducing double- stage algorithm. This may bring a drastic computational time saving in finding equilibrium flows in spatial oligopolistic model. But further careful examination and more detail analysis on application of the proposed method to variable marginal-cost problem will be required to confirm the convergency of the procedure. Less

自从萨缪尔森（Samuelson，1952）指出存在一个目标函数以来，最大化满足了空间分离市场中完全竞争的条件，因此在该领域中，使用数学编程方法来研究市场行为上的市场行为。到目前为止，许多作品通常都在处理一个完美的竞争模型或垄断模式，但是，自然的感觉是，对于大多数主要商品和制造商品的市场来说，一个现实世界在这两个极端之间有些存在，以某种形式的寡头垄断。这项研究的目的是首先。扩展绿腹模型以允许商品市场上的空间定价，在某些地区之间，可能不会进行交易，其次是提供一个有效且易于实施的计算程序，以寻找在空间分离的寡头市场中的区域间商品流量，以实现空间的成本和非各地的偏差，而不是非各地的杂物，并且是非各地的Marmarginal Margical Margical Margical Margical tha平等。空间价格平衡模型的形成。这项研究得出了三个重大结论。首先，基本定价方程基本与交通均衡中使用的综合性能函数相同。但是，复合性能函数不过是在给定需求函数和个体性能功能的解释平衡过程的方便设备上，尚未用于计算目的。可以说，G-G模型给出了如何在个人成本（或性能）函数的情况下为计算目的做出复合功能的想法。另一方面，方法论在交通平衡中培养可能会阐明一种特殊类型的空间寡头等效模型，从概念上和数值上讲。其次，结果表明，在空间寡头市场中，就像在无空间经济中一样，如果市场上提高市场价格过多，那么如果市场相当于市场，则其数量消失了。这些结果表明，只要市场是暂定的，就存在暂定流动，并且一些公司由于遭受苦难的赤字而退出市场。这是一个计算程序结构的，以反映这种现象。就第3节所示的数值示例而言，本文提出的过程似乎不仅以有效的方式收敛到等效状态，而且还可以轻松实施。第三，本文开发的方法在空间定价方面可能是有效的，而非线性边缘生产成本也通过引入双阶段算法有效。这可能会带来巨大的计算时间节省，以在空间寡头模型中找到平衡流。但是，将需要进一步的仔细检查和对拟议方法在可变边际成本问题上的应用的更多详细分析，以确认程序的收敛性。较少的

项目成果

期刊论文数量（12）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

T.Miyagi: "An Efticient and Easily Imperwentabic Computationsl Procedure for Determination of Origopolistic Spatial Price Eguilibrium" Paper Presented at the 11th Pacitic Regional Sience Conterence(to be published in PRSA).

T.Miyagi：“An Efticient and Easy Imperwentabic Computationsl procedure for Decision of Origopolistic Spatial Price Eguilibrium”在第 11 届太平洋区域科学大会上发表的论文（将在 PRSA 上发表）。