Function of unconventional myosins as molecular motors: Mechanics and regulation (Funktion ungewöhnlicher Myosine als molekulare Motoren: Mechanik und Regulierung)

非常规肌球蛋白作为分子马达的功能：力学和调节

• 批准号: 5175394
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Thierry Soldati
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Biochemistry
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-31 至 2001-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5175394?language=en
• 关键词: Function; unconventional; myosins; molecular; motors

The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is a very complex milieu and unraveling how its unique cytoarchitecture is achieved and maintained is a central theme of our research. The importance of filamentous-actin-directed, myosin-powered cargo transport was only recently realized, and direct connections of myosins to a variety of cellular tasks, such as cytokinesis, phagocytosis, endocytosis, polarized secretion and exocytosis, axonal transport etc., are slowly emerging. We investigate these processes in Dictyostelium discoideum, a powerful, genetically and biochemically tractable model organism. We identified two novel myosins, myoK and myoM, and completed their basic characterization. Future efforts include the identification of proteins that transduce the force of the myosin stroke to their cargo and govern the regulation of their activity. The molecular details of the mechanochemical transduction of energy by the muscle myosin and kinesins are currently being deciphered with unprecedented precision. Due to the very high degree of homology it is widely assumed that unconventional myosins function in a way very similar to myosin II. Nevertheless, in order to better understand the physiological importance of these molecules, we want to test experimentally all aspects of this hypothesis. The strategies presented here warrant an efficient dissection of myosin-powered movement and will significantly add to the understanding of intracellular trafficking and the regulation of cytoskeleton function.

真核细胞的细胞质是一个非常复杂的环境，并揭示了如何实现和维护其独特的细胞结构，这是我们研究的中心主题。直到最近才实现丝状肌动蛋白指导的肌动蛋白驱动的货物运输的重要性，并直接连接到各种细胞任务，例如细胞因子，吞噬作用，吞噬作用，内吞作用，极化分泌和胞外增生和胞外增生等，轴突运输等，轴突运输等，轴突流动等。我们在Dictyostelium Discoideum中研究了这些过程，这是一种强大的，遗传和生化的模型生物体。我们确定了两个小说的肌球蛋白，分别是Myok和Myom，并完成了它们的基本特征。未来的努力包括鉴定蛋白质，这些蛋白质将肌球蛋白中风的力转向其货物并控制其活动的调节。目前，肌肉肌球蛋白和驱动素对能量的机械化学转导的分子细节正在以前所未有的精度解密。由于同源性非常高，因此被广泛认为非常规肌球蛋白的功能与肌球蛋白II非常相似。然而，为了更好地理解这些分子的生理重要性，我们希望在实验中测试该假设的所有方面。这里提出的策略需要对肌球蛋白驱动的运动进行有效的解剖，并将大大增加对细胞内贩运和细胞骨架功能的调节的理解。