Role for protease cascade in humaral and cellular immunity of insects

蛋白酶级联在昆虫体液和细胞免疫中的作用

• 批准号: 13143201
• 负责人: ASHIDA Masaaki
• 金额: $ 32.7万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERCTIY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13143201/
• 关键词: innate immunity; defense system; non-self recognition; protease cascade; Growth-blocking peptide; prophenoloxidase cascade; cytokine; リポホリン; フェノール酸化酵素; リポフォリン; growth blocking peptide; プロテアーゼ カスケード; ペプチドグリカン; ペプチドグリカン認識タンパク; グラム陰性菌結合蛋白質; プロ

Growth-blocking peptide (GBP) is a 25 amino acid insect cytokine found in Lepidopteran insects that possesses diverse biological activities such as larval growth regulation and stimulation of immune cells. We identified homologous peptides of the Lepidopteran GBP in the other orders of insects. Two novel cytokines were purified from coleopteran and dipteran larvae. Homology search of the Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae genome database for the fly cytokine revealed three drosophila and two mosquito homologues, suggesting wide-spread occurrence of this cytokine family. Furthermore, a GBP-binding protein was isolated from Lepidopteran. Kinetic and biological analyses of interaction between GBP and the binding protein showed their strong binding regulates cellular immunoreaction through the stimulation of completely different types of the cells.The prophenoloxidase (proPO) cascade of insect hemolymph plays some important roles in the recognition of foreignness and defense mec … More hanism. The cascade is triggered by microbial cell wall components such as β-1,3-glucan from fungi and peptidoglycan from bacteria, resulting in localized melanization. To investigate the mechanism for the activation of the cascade, we identified three new components (βGRPII, GNBP, Factor S) of the silkworm proPO cascade. βGRPII and GNBP are involved in β-1,3-glucan-and peptidoglycan- mediated pathways of the cascade, respectively. Factor S is a serine protease zymogen, which is located between the pattern recognition proteins and proBAEEase and is an essential component both in the proPO-activating pathway for melanin synthesis and in proBAEEase-activating pathway. Moreover, BAEEase was shown to process Drosophila pro-spatzle to spatzle, which is a cytokine-like ligand on Toll-mediated pathway for control of the synthesis of some anti-microbial peptides in Drosophila immunity. These results suggests that the proPO cascade of insects is an extracellular signaling mechanism for recognizing PAMPs as foreignness in the induction of acute-phase protein synthesis, not only an effector mechanism for the production of melanin. Less

生长阻断肽 (GBP) 是一种在鳞翅目昆虫中发现的 25 个氨基酸的昆虫细胞因子，具有多种生物活性，例如幼虫生长调节和免疫细胞刺激，我们在其他昆虫目中发现了鳞翅目 GBP 的同源肽。从鞘翅目和双翅目幼虫中纯化了果蝇和冈比亚按蚊基因组数据库的同源性搜索。果蝇细胞因子的研究揭示了三种果蝇和两种蚊子的同源物，表明该细胞因子家族广泛存在。此外，GBP 与结合蛋白之间相互作用的动力学和生物学分析表明它们具有很强的结合力。通过刺激完全不同类型的细胞来调节细胞免疫反应。昆虫血淋巴的原酚氧化酶 (proPO) 级联在异物识别和防御机制中发挥着重要作用……更多该级联由微生物细胞壁成分（例如来自真菌的 β-1,3-葡聚糖和来自细菌的肽聚糖）触发，导致局部黑化。为了研究级联的激活机制，我们鉴定了三种新成分（βGRPII）。 , GNBP, 因子 S) 的蚕 proPO 级联涉及 β-1,3-葡聚糖和 βGRPII 和 GNBP。因子 S 分别是肽聚糖介导的级联途径，是一种丝氨酸蛋白酶酶原，位于模式识别蛋白和 proBAEEase 之间，是黑色素合成的 proPO 激活途径和 proBAEEase 激活途径的重要组成部分。此外，BAEEase 被证明可以将果蝇 pro-spazle 加工成 spatzle，后者是 Toll 介导途径上的细胞因子样配体，用于控制这些结果表明，昆虫的 proPO 级联是将 PAMP 识别为诱导急性期蛋白质合成的外来物的细胞外信号机制，而不仅仅是黑色素产生的效应机制。

项目成果

Transepithelially transported pro-phenoloxidase in the cuticle of the silkorm, Bombyx mori : identification of its methy onyl residues oxidized to methionine sulfoxides

家蚕角质层中跨上皮运输的酚氧化酶原：鉴定其氧化为甲硫氨酸亚砜的甲酰基残基

• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: J. Biol. Chem. 276
• 作者: Asano;T. et al.
• 通讯作者: T. et al.

Uryu, M.: "Enhanced expression of genes in the larval brains of Mamestra brassicae under short day length or by feeding or L-Dopa"Eur.J.Entomol.. 33. 245-250 (2003)

Uryu, M.：“在短日照长度下或通过喂食或左旋多巴增强芸苔幼虫脑中基因的表达”Eur.J.Entomol.. 33. 245-250 (2003)

昆虫から単離した新規生理活性ペプチド

从昆虫中分离出的新型生物活性肽

• 发表时间: 2003

Tanaka, K.: "Expression of polydnavirus genes in insect hemocyte and Sf9 culture cells"J.Insect Physiol.. 49. 433-440 (2003)

Tanaka, K.：“多DNA病毒基因在昆虫血细胞和Sf9培养细胞中的表达”J.Insect Physiol.. 49. 433-440 (2003)

Expression of polydnavirus genes in insect hemocyte and Sf9 culture cells

多DNA病毒基因在昆虫血细胞和Sf9培养细胞中的表达

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: J. Insect Physiol. 49
• 作者: Tanaka;K. et al.
• 通讯作者: K. et al.