The origin and diversification of human temperature sensory receptors.

人类温度感觉受体的起源和多样化。

基本信息

批准号：
17570004
负责人：
SATTA Yoko
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Animals sense ambient physico-chemical fluctuations through receptors in their sensory systems. The temperature sensors are capable of detecting and discriminating stimuli over a broad spectrum of temperatures. These sensors are members of three subfamilies (TRP V, TRPM and TRPA) of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family. In this project, there are two aims : 1) To infer the molecular evolution of these temperature receptors and 2) to clarify the origin of the diversity among human thermo-sensory receptors.1)Molecular evolution of temperature receptors in vertebrates : A larger number of TRP paralogs have been found in terrestrial animal genomes than in the fish genome, reflecting different extent of temperature fluctuations in environments. In mammals, there are nine thermo-sensory receptor genes, of which four (TRPV1'4) are responsible for sensing either warm or hot. Phylogenetic studies of TRPV1-.4 genes in vertebrates have revealed excessive amino acid substitutions in the stem lineage of birds and mammals for each TRPV, suggesting either accelerated substitution rates or frequent occurrences of convergent evolution. These substitutions may be related to the development of body temperature controlling system in warm-blooded animals.2)The origin of the diversity among human thermo-sensory receptors : In NCBI record, there is a record of TRPV1 pseudogene. To examine the distribution of this pseudogene over the world, I sequenced approximately 5kb region encompassing exon9 to 11 encoding the 6 trans-membrane region of TRPV1 from 68 individuals from 18 different ethnic groups. However, there is no example o pseudogene in our sample. Other population genetics analyses are progressing and the result will be submitted to an international journal within 2007.3)In addition to the above results, a review (in Japanese) about a role of sensory receptors in the human evolution has been published.

动物通过其感觉系统中的受体感知环境物理化学的波动。温度传感器能够在广泛的温度下检测和区分刺激。这些传感器是瞬态受体电位（TRP）家族的三个亚家族（TRP V，TRPM和TRPA）的成员。在该项目中，有两个目的：1）推断这些温度受体的分子演化和2）阐明人类热感应受体之间多样性的起源。1）在脊椎动物中温度受体的分子演化：在陆层动物中已经发现了比在鱼类体内相比，在陆生动物中发现了较大的TRP寄生虫的数量，反映了温度差异。在哺乳动物中，有九种热感知受体基因，其中四个（TRPV1'4）负责感应温暖或热。脊椎动物中TRPV1-.4基因的系统发育研究表明，每种TRPV的茎和哺乳动物的茎谱系中过度氨基酸取代，这表明替代速率加速或频繁发生的收敛进化。这些替代可能与温血动物中体温控制系统的发展有关。2）人类热感知受体之间多样性的起源：在NCBI记录中，有TRPV1伪男孩的记录。为了检查该假基因在世界范围内的分布，我将大约5KB区域测序了，将外en9纳入了11个，从18个不同族裔的68个个体编码TRPV1的6个跨膜区域。但是，我们的样本中没有伪依次的例子。其他人群遗传学分析正在进行中，结果将在2007.3之内提交给国际杂志。除了上述结果外，还发表了有关感觉受体在人类进化中的作用的综述。