Development of Asymmetric Permeative Membrane with high hydrogen selectivity and Its Application for Separation Membrane Reactor

高氢选择性非对称渗透膜的研制及其在分离膜反应器中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
17560675
负责人：
AIKOH Ryoko
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A Separate type membrane reactor was developed for much effective reactor performance, in which the chemical reaction equilibrium could be moved toward the products side by adopting good combination of chemical reaction and separation process. Hydrogen strange metals were used as separation membrane material for developing a high performance reactor carrying out the hydrogenation between hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide. Experimental work for the practical use of the reactor was carried out to achieve the desired strength in membrane characteristics. In the palladium membrane, peel problems of membrane by carbonized matter propagation on the catalyst surface were observed, which are vital blows for use. Superior characteristics of LaNi5 and CaNi_5 were found on catalytic ability, selectivity in hydrogen permeation and cost performance.In this study, Separation ability and reaction characteristics were investigated by adopting a continuous tubular type separation membrane reactor. In the reactor, dehydrogenation of saturated hydrocarbons, that is, methane, ethane, propane, n-butane and hydrogenation of carbon dioxide occurred at the other side. These performances were discussed by changing the operating conditions such as metal composition, membrane surface treatment, gas pressure, used gases and so on. Finally selectivity in hydrogen permeation was found for LaNi_5 and CaNi_5 as well as catalyst ability on the above reactions, so the possibility of the labo-scale reactor toward the application is apparent. Furthermore, the development for industrial equipment of the reactor would be expected by the improvements of membrane strength, contractior effects by repetition uses, permeation selectivity, catalyst ability and so on.

为了获得更有效的反应器性能，开发了分离式膜反应器，其中通过采用化学反应和分离过程的良好结合，化学反应平衡可以向产品侧移动。采用氢奇异金属作为分离膜材料，开发了一种高性能反应器，进行碳氢化合物和二氧化碳的加氢反应。为了实现所需的膜特性强度，进行了反应器实际使用的实验工作。在钯膜中，观察到由于碳化物在催化剂表面传播而导致膜剥离的问题，这对于使用来说是致命的打击。 LaNi5和CaNi_5在催化能力、氢渗透选择性和性价比方面均具有优越的特性。本研究采用连续管式分离膜反应器研究了分离能力和反应特性。在反应器中，饱和烃（即甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、正丁烷）脱氢，另一侧发生二氧化碳加氢。通过改变金属成分、膜表面处理、气体压力、所用气体等操作条件来讨论这些性能。最后发现LaNi_5和CaNi_5具有氢渗透选择性以及对上述反应的催化能力，因此实验室规模反应器的应用可能性是显而易见的。此外，通过提高膜强度、重复使用的收缩效应、渗透选择性、催化能力等，反应器工业设备的发展也有望得到发展。