Computational study on acoustic-image perception of object-shape from single-emission echo in bats

蝙蝠单次发射回声物体形状声像感知的计算研究

基本信息

批准号：
17500190
负责人：
YANO Masafumi
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17500190/
关键词：
Instrumentation Engineering Biological Engineering Brain, Neuron Information Technology Echolocation

项目摘要

The purpose of this study, entitled "Computational study on acoustic-image perception of object-shape from single-emission echo in bats", is to propose a new computational algorithm for representing an acoustic image of object-shape from an echo evoked by frequency-modulated ultrasonic sound and to examine it in the real world.The acoustic image is an impulse response, known as a reflected-intensity distribution, which is composed of amplitude and phase spectra over a range of frequencies. However, bats detect only the amplitude spectrum due to the low-time resolution of their peripheral auditory system, and the frequency range of emission is restricted. Therefore, for representing the acoustic image, several constraints are needed to restore the reflected-intensity distribution from limited information.The amplitude spectrum varies with the changes in the configuration of the reflected-intensity distribution, while the phase spectrum varies with the changes in its configuration and lo … More cation. As the constraints, the minimum phase condition and the continuity condition for the amplitude spectrum are introduced into the algorithm to restore the acoustic image from the single-emission echo. Simulated results indicated that the configuration can be extrapolated from the amplitude spectrum of the restricted frequency range, and the location can be estimated from the temporal changes of the amplitude spectra, and consequently the algorithm would restore the reflected-intensity distribution of an object regardless of its location or shape.For applying the proposed algorithm to object-recognition in the real world, we designed an artificial external ear of the bat, i.e., a transfer-function modulator that is optimal for obtaining the orientation information, and constructed a system for echolocation and shape-recognition of objects in 3D space. Experimental results indicated that by using the artificial ear having the shape of truncated-horn, the system can determine location and surface-orientation of an object from the echo. Less

这项题为“蝙蝠单发射回声对物体形状的声学图像感知的计算研究”的研究目的是提出一种新的计算算法，用于表示由频率引起的回声中物体形状的声学图像。调制超声波并在现实世界中对其进行检查。声学图像是一种脉冲响应，称为反射强度分布，由一定频率范围内的振幅和相位谱组成。然而，蝙蝠仅检测振幅。频谱由于其周围听觉系统的时间分辨率低，并且发射的频率范围受到限制，因此，为了表示声图像，需要一些约束来从有限的信息中恢复反射强度分布。幅度谱随着变化而变化。在反射强度分布的配置中，相位随其配置和位置的变化而变化的频谱作为约束，在算法中引入最小相位条件和幅度频谱的连续性条件来恢复。来自单发射回波的声学图像。仿真结果表明，可以从受限频率范围的幅度谱推断出结构，并且可以从幅度谱的时间变化估计位置，因此该算法可以恢复物体的反射强度分布，而不管为了将所提出的算法应用于现实世界中的物体识别，我们设计了蝙蝠的人工外耳，即最适合获取方向信息的传递函数调制器，并构建了一个系统回声定位和形状识别实验结果表明，通过使用截角形状的人工耳，系统可以根据回声确定物体的位置和表面方向。