Study on the responses of wintering plants to stresses caused by acid snow

越冬植物对酸雪胁迫响应的研究

基本信息

批准号：
16580270
负责人：
ARAKAWA Keita
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16580270/
关键词：
Air pollution Environmental stress Acid snow Wintering plants Sulfuric acid Extracellular freezing Injury Winter wheat 酸性雪ストレス凍結傷害

项目摘要

Acid precipitation (acid rain or acid mist) is an environmental problem that has affected ecosystems and agriculture. Acid snow might be also an environmental stress factor for wintering plants since acid precipitates are locally concentrated in snow and the period in which ice crystals are in contact with shoots might be longer than that of acid precipitates in rain. In this study, 'equilibrium' and 'prolonged', freezing tests with sulfuric acid, which simulate situations of temperature depression and chronic freezing at a subzero temperature with acid precipitate as acid snow stress, respectively, were carried out using leaf segments of cold-acclimated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). When leaf segments were frozen in the presence of sulfuric acid solution (pH 4.0,3.0 or 2.0) by equilibrium freezing with ice-seeding, the survival rate of leaf samples treated with sulfuric acid (pH 2.0) decreased markedly. Leaf samples after supercooling to -4 and -8℃ in the presence of sulfuric acid solution (pH 2.0) without ice-seeding were less damaged. When leaf samples were subjected to prolonged freezing at -4 and -8℃ for 7 days with sulfuric acid (pH 2.0), the survival rates of leaf samples exposed to sulfuric acid decreased more than those of leaf samples treated with water. On the other hand, leaf samples were less damaged by prolonged supercooling at -4 and -8℃ for 7 days with sulfuric acid (pH 2.0). The results suggest that an acid condition in the process of extracellular freezing and/or thawing promotes freezing injury of wheat leaves, because of the combined effects of acid substances concentrated in snow crystals and freeze-thaws in an acid solution concentrated by freezing. For further characterization of the responses of wintering plants to acid-snow stress, studies on the mechanism of injury caused by acid-snow stress are in progres.

酸降水（酸雨或酸雾）是影响生态系统和农业的环境问题，酸雪也可能是越冬植物的环境胁迫因素，因为酸降水局部集中在雪中和冰晶接触的时期。在这项研究中，用硫酸进行“平衡”和“长期”冷冻试验，模拟温度下降和长期冷冻的情况。当叶段在硫酸溶液（pH 4.0、3.0 或 2.0）存在下冷冻时，分别使用冷驯化冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的叶段进行低于零度的温度和酸沉淀作为酸雪胁迫。）通过冰播种平衡冷冻，用硫酸（pH 2.0）处理的叶片样品在过冷至1.0℃后的存活率显着下降。 -4 和 -8℃ 存在硫酸溶液 (pH 2.0) 且不进行冰播时，当叶样品在 -4 和 -8℃ 下用硫酸 (pH 2.0) 长时间冷冻 7 天时，损伤较小。暴露于硫酸的叶子样品的存活率比用水处理的叶子样品下降更多。另一方面，在-4和-8℃下长时间过冷7天，叶子样品的损坏较小。结果表明，细胞外冷冻和/或解冻过程中的酸性条件会促进小麦叶片的冻害，这是由于雪晶中浓缩的酸性物质和冻融过程中的综合作用所致。为了进一步表征越冬植物对酸雪胁迫的响应，酸雪胁迫引起的伤害机制的研究正在进行中。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（78）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Unfrozen water (in Japanese)

未结冰的水（日语）

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Kagaku to Seibutsu 43
影响因子：
0
作者：
Fujikawa;S.
通讯作者：
S.

Responses of wintering plants to acid snow stress (in japanese)

越冬植物对酸雪胁迫的反应（日语）

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
New aspects of plant science
影响因子：
0
作者：
Arakawa;K.
通讯作者：
K.

針葉樹木部からの氷核形成阻害物質の検出

针叶树冰核抑制剂的检测

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
低温生物工学会誌 51
影响因子：
0
作者：
T. Araki;H. Masamoto;M. Shigematsu;T. Mitsunaga;Inada H;Fujikawa S;Minami A;Takahashi H;Inada H;Nagao M;水野薫
通讯作者：
水野薫

カラマツ木部粗抽出画分からの氷核形成阻害活性の検出

落叶松木质部粗提物组分冰核抑制活性的检测