Studies on Utilization of Water Resources and Irrigation Facilities for Sustaining the soundness of Hydrologic System in a river basin with an Urban Sprawl Area

城市蔓延地区流域水资源和灌溉设施利用维持水文系统健全的研究

基本信息

批准号：
16580208
负责人：
HORINO Haruhiko
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Osaka Prefecture University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Irrigation water has not only a role of feeding water for crops but also a function as "regional water" associated with the local residents' life and environment. Nowadays it is feared that such the function is being lost due to advancing of urbanization. The objective of this study is to try to investigate the role which agricultural infrastructure (especially irrigation pond) plays for aquatic environment, including artificial water management aspect, at a region or basin level in Kishiwada area where urban sprawl is advancing. In this study, hydrological observations such as river flow, inflow and outflow in an irrigation pond, precipitation, water quality, and so on were continuously carried out, and based on these data, the following aspects were discussed.1.Investigation of the characteristic of climate and water resources in Kishiwada area : Using the AMEDAS data at 7 stations within Osaka prefecture, a potentially available water resource, which is calculated by precipitation m … More inus potential evapotranspiration, were estimated at each station. The result indicated that the study area is categorized into relatively dry climate in Japan. And based on the irrigation pond ledger, the geographical distribution of irrigation pond was investigated, and water resources deposit was estimated.2.Evaluation of flood mitigation function of irrigation pond : For Hoji-ike pond which is one of the irrigation ponds, located in the study area, flood mitigation function of the pond was evaluated through both analysis with observed data and model simulation. As a result, it was indicated that this pond mitigated floods enough though its surface area is relatively small for its catchment area.3.Evaluation of nutrient load reduction functions of irrigation pond : It is sustained that nutrient load in river water which was in hydrodynamic state was reduced by going through the pond in which the water was in hydrostatic state.4.Estimation of nutrient load reduction in the river associated with expanding sewerage infrastructure : The improvement of river water pollution level (decrease of nutrient load) according to increasing of the sewerage connecting ratio in the Haruki River watershed was estimated. The results indicated that increasing the sewerage connecting ratio in the down stream area, where the population density is higher, was more effective than expanding the sewerage system to the upper stream area, where is rural area, for decreasing of nutrient load level in river water.Integrated the above results, it was discussed what the irrigation system should be for sustaining the soundness of hydrologic system from the point of view of "storage" and "purification" of water. Less

灌溉水不仅具有灌溉农作物的作用，而且还具有与当地居民的生活和环境相关的“区域水”的功能，但随着城市化的推进，人们担心这种功能正在消失。本研究的目的是试图调查农业基础设施（特别是灌溉池塘）在城市扩张正在推进的岸和田地区的区域或流域层面对水生环境（包括人工水管理方面）所发挥的作用。例如连续进行河川流量、灌溉池塘进出流量、降水量、水质等数据，并在此基础上进行以下几方面的讨论。 1.岸和田地区气候和水资源特征调查：利用大阪府内 7 个站点的 AMEDAS 数据，通过降水量和潜在蒸散量计算得出每个站点的潜在可用水资源。结果表明，研究区域属于相对干燥的气候。并以日本的灌溉池塘台账为基础，调查了灌溉池塘的地理分布，并估算了水资源储量。2.灌溉池塘的防洪功能评价：以灌溉池塘之一的法治池为例。通过观测数据分析和模型模拟相结合的方法对研究区的水塘减洪功能进行了评价，结果表明，该水塘虽然其表面积相对其流域面积较小，但其减洪功能已足够。 3.养分负荷减少评价灌溉池塘的功能：通过流经处于静水状态的池塘，处于水动力状态的河水中的养分负荷持续减少。4.与扩大污水基础设施相关的河流养分负荷减少的估计：估计随着 Haruki 河流域污水连通率的增加，河流水污染水平的改善（营养负荷的减少）。结果表明，人口密度为更高，更多综合上述结果，从以下几个方面讨论了灌溉系统应该如何维持水文系统的健全。水的“储存”和“净化”的观点较少。