Improvement of the Performance of Direct-Generation Type Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells and Their Systemization

直发电型聚合物电解质燃料电池的性能改进及其系统化

• 批准号: 15560188
• 负责人: WAKISAKA Tomoyuki
• 金额: $ 2.05万
• 依托单位: Osaka City University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15560188/
• 关键词: Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell; Direct-Generation Type; Ethanol; Electro-Chemical Reaction; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Hybrid System; Time-Splitting Method; Power Control; マイクロチャンネル

In this research project, the direct-generation type PEFC (Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell) without a reformer was taken as an object of investigation among various types of PEFCs, and it was attempted to use ethanol as innocuous liquid fuel. In this case, the power generation of the PEFC was low, and therefore measures to improve the performance were examined. The power generation performance of a self-made PEEC with MEAs (Membrane Electrode Assemblies) prepared by means of the Cast Method (original making method of MEA) was measured by supplying the ethanol aqueous solution directly. As a result, an increase of about two times in output power was attained in comparison with MEAs prepared by other conventional making methods. When porous metal foam plates made of nickel were used as diffusion layers, the PEFC output power became 1.8 times larger even in the case of passive-type PEFC without any auxiliary equipment. Reaction products in the anode-side flow passage of the PEFC were analyz … More ed. C0_2 was detected but CO was not detected by gas chromatograph. Acetic acid and acetaldehyde as by-products were detected by liquid chromatograph. These results mean that ethanol is oxidized to acetic acid and acetaldehyde, and partly to C0_2. For investigating the behavior of those by-products, a three-dimensional numerical analysis model for the PEFC was composed on the basis of the original GTT method, and the flow in the PEFC was numerically analyzed. Furthermore, the flow visualization and the flow analysis by the PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) method were carried out. As a result, it has been found that a serpentine flow passage is effective in discharging such by-products.As a hydrogen-fuelled small-size and light-weight PEFC, an original passive-type small cylindrical PEFC (named "Power Tube") which can generate a specific power of 13OmW/g has been contrived. In the case of hydrogen-fuelled PEFCs, output energy density is high but output power density is low for the power source of an electric vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a hybrid system composed of PEFCs and electricity storage devices. In this research project, a hybrid system composed of passive-type PEFCs and electric double layer capacitors was constructed for a light-weight electric vehicle. For controlling this hybrid system, an original Time-Splitting Method (TSM) which can control the power supply ratio to the motor according to running states has been contrived. As power supply modes to the motor, series and parallel modes were tested, and it has been shown that TSM can easily control the motor power in both modes. Less

本研究项目以各种类型的PEFC中不带重整器的直接发电型PEFC（聚合物电解质燃料电池）为研究对象，并尝试使用乙醇作为无害液体燃料。 PEFC的发电量较低，因此研究了提高其性能的措施。采用铸造法（原始方法）制备的带有MEA（膜电极组件）的自制PEEC的发电性能。通过直接供应乙醇水溶液进行测量，结果与通过其他传统制造方法制备的MEA相比，当由镍制成的多孔金属泡沫板时，输出功率增加了约两倍。使用作为扩散层的PEFC，即使在没有任何辅助设备的被动型PEFC的情况下，PEFC的输出功率也变得大了1.8倍。气相色谱检测到了CO_2，但液相色谱检测到了副产物乙酸和乙醛。这些结果意味着乙醇被氧化为乙酸和乙醛，并部分氧化为CO_2。针对这些副产物，在原有GTT方法的基础上，建立了PEFC的三维数值分析模型，并对PEFC中的流动进行了分析。此外，还进行了流动可视化和PIV（粒子图像测速）法的流动分析，结果发现蛇形流动通道对于排出此类副产物是有效的。氢燃料小型轻质PEFC，是一种独创的被动式小型圆柱形PEFC（称为“功率管”），可产生13OmW/g的比功率。就氢燃料PEFC而言，作为电动汽车的动力源，输出能量密度较高，但输出功率密度较低，因此，有必要在本研究中应用由PEFC和蓄电装置组成的混合系统。在该项目中，为轻型电动汽车构建了由无源型 PEFC 和双电层电容器组成的混合系统。为了控制该混合系统，采用了独创的时间分割方法（TSM），可以控制电源的供电比例。电机根据运行状态作为电机的供电模式，我们对串联和并联模式进行了测试，结果表明TSM可以轻松地控制这两种模式下的电机功率。

项目成果

Investigation on the Effects of the Making Process and Structure of a Membrane Electrode Assembly on the Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

膜电极组件的制作工艺和结构对聚合物电解质燃料电池性能的影响研究

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Sixth KSME-JSME Thermal and Fluids Engineering Conference JJ08(CD-ROM)
• 作者: Tomoyuki Wakisaka;George Koike;Kojiro Nishioka;Yogo Takada
• 通讯作者: Yogo Takada

エタノール直接発電型固体高分子燃料電池のアノード側流路内の流動解析

乙醇直接发电固体聚合物燃料电池阳极侧流路流动分析

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 日本機械学会関西支部第80期定時総会講演会講演論文集 No.054-1
• 作者: 谷中悟史;石井利長;高田洋吾;脇坂知行
• 通讯作者: 脇坂知行

Application of a Hybrid System with Passive-type Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells and Capacitors to a Lightweight Electric Vehicle (Power Control by Time-Splitting Method)

无源型聚合物电解质燃料电池和电容器混合系统在轻型电动汽车中的应用（分时法功率控制）

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Transactions of JSME, Ser.B Vol.71,No.702
• 作者: Hiroyuki Imanishi;Takuji Nakamura;Yogo Takada;tomoyuki Wakisaka
• 通讯作者: tomoyuki Wakisaka

固体高分子型燃料電池における物質移動・電気化学反応解析のためのモデリング

聚合物电解质燃料电池中的传质和电化学反应分析建模

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 日本機械学会関西支部第79期定時総会講演会講演論文集 No.044-1
• 作者: 小池穣二;谷中悟史;高田洋吾;脇坂知行
• 通讯作者: 脇坂知行

高田洋吾, 古市紀之, 八賀正司, 瀧山武, 脇坂知行: "マイクロチャンネル内流れの数値解析とラインLDVによる計測"日本機械学会関西支部第79期定時総会講演会講演論文集. No.044-1. 2-53-2-54 (2004)

Yogo Takada、Noriyuki Furuichi、Masashi Yaga、Takeshi Takiyama、Tomoyuki Wakisaka：“微通道中流动的数值分析和使用线 LDV 的测量”日本机械工程师学会关西分会第 79 届年会论文集第 044 号。 -1。2-53-2-54（2004）