Investigation of Tropospheric Ozone Production in Association with Biomass Burning in Southeast Asia

东南亚生物质燃烧对流层臭氧产生的调查

• 批准号: 13480153
• 负责人: KITA Kazuyuki
• 金额: $ 7.87万
• 依托单位: Ibaraki University (2002-2004)The University of Tokyo (2001)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13480153/
• 关键词: ozone; biomass burning; Southeast Asia; El Nino; greenhouse effect; troposphere; エアロソル; 対流圏オゾン; 大気質

Tropospheric ozone is significant for global atmospheric environment because it can damage human health and vegetation including agricultural crops. It also affects climate because is one of significant greenhouse gases. However, the ozone distribution, its budget, and therefore, its influence on the environment have not been fully understood. In this study, the influence of the biomass burning in Southeast Asia on the production of the tropospheric ozone is discussed. This study consists of three parts : (I)ozone variation observed during the BIBLE aircraft observation campaigns and influence of biomass burning in the Indonesian region, (II)ozone increased layers observed during the TRACE-P aircraft observation campaign and influence of biomass burning in the Indochina region, and (III)ozone variation over Indochina observed by an intensive ozonezonde observation and influence of biomass burning in the Indochina region.During BIBLE, mixing ratios of O_3 and its precursor gases (OPG) w … More ere quite low over the tropical Pacific Ocean. In the upper troposphere, OPG gradually increased downwind in eastern and western Indonesia. While O_3 did not increased over Indonesia, it increased by 50 % in the air masses which passed over Indonesia and were observed in Indian Ocean and northern Australia. These results indicate that ozone was produced in the air masses affected by emissions and convection over Indonesia. Average O_3 production rate during transport is estimated to be about 2ppbv/day, being comparable with the photochemical model calculation. These results demonstrate that the convection over Indonesia in association with biomass burning and lightning influenced OPG amount over Indonesia, even when biomass burning was inactive, and that it caused 10-15 ppbv (about 50 %) increase of O_3 over Indian Ocean and northern Australia.During TRACE-P, increase of ozone and OPG was often observed at the altitude around 4 km over western and central Pacific in subtropical latitude at about 20N. Trajectory analyses and collation analyses between OPG and tracers indicate that this increase of ozone and OPG were attributed to the biomass burning in the Indochina region.An intensive ozonesonde observation was carried out at Sri Samrong (17N, 99E), Thailand, between March and June, 2003. Observed ozone mixing ratios generally exceeded 60 ppbv and sometimes exceeded 90 ppbv throughout the troposphere. There was a stable inversion layer at an altitude around 4 km over Thailand during the observation period, indicating that ozone precursors emitted from biomass burning and industrial activities were upwardly transported up to this layer. However, ozone mixing ratios did not show significant variation above and below this layer. Meteorological analyses combined with analyses of aerosol characteristics indicated that biomass burning in Southeast Asia was not only a dominant ozone source, but also the pollutant from South Asia and the transport from the middle latitude contributed to the high ozone concentrations, even below the inversion layer. Less

对流层臭氧对全球大气环境具有重要意义，因为它会损害人类健康和包括农作物在内的植被，它还影响气候，因为它是重要的温室气体之一。然而，臭氧的分布、其预算及其对环境的影响已经发生。在本研究中，讨论了东南亚生物质燃烧对对流层臭氧产生的影响。本研究由三个部分组成：(I) BIBLE 飞机观测活动期间观察到的臭氧变化和影响。生物量印度尼西亚地区的燃烧，(II) TRACE-P 飞机观测活动期间观测到的臭氧增加层以及印度支那地区生物质燃烧的影响，以及 (III) 通过密集的臭氧层观测观测到的印度支那地区臭氧层变化以及生物质燃烧的影响在印度支那地区。在 BIBLE 期间，O_3 及其前体气体 (OPG) 的混合比在热带太平洋上层对流层中非常低。 OPG在印度尼西亚东部和西部的顺风处逐渐增加，而O_3在印度尼西亚上空没有增加，但在经过印度尼西亚的气团中增加了50%，并在印度洋和澳大利亚北部观测到。这些结果表明臭氧是在印度尼西亚产生的。印度尼西亚上空受排放和对流影响的空气质量估计约为 2ppbv/天，与光化学模型计算结果相当。这些结果表明，印度尼西亚上空的对流与生物质燃烧和对流有关。即使生物质燃烧不活跃，闪电也会影响印度尼西亚上空的 OPG 量，并导致印度洋和澳大利亚北部上空的 O_3 增加 10-15 ppbv（约 50%）。在 TRACE-P 期间，经常观察到臭氧和 OPG 的增加在副热带纬度约 20N 的西太平洋和中太平洋上空约 4 公里处，OPG 与示踪剂之间的轨迹分析和对照分析表明，臭氧和 OPG 的增加是2003 年 3 月至 6 月期间，在泰国 Sri Samrong（北纬 17 度，东经 99 度）进行了臭氧探空仪密集观测。观测到的臭氧混合比普遍超过 60 ppbv，有时甚至超过 90 ppbv。观测期间，在泰国上空约4公里处存在稳定的逆温层，表明臭氧前体物从泰国上空排放。生物质燃烧和工业活动向上输送到该层，但该层上下的臭氧混合比没有表现出显着变化。气象分析结合气溶胶特征分析表明，东南亚的生物质燃烧不仅仅是主要的臭氧。来自南亚的污染物和来自中纬度的输送导致了高臭氧浓度，甚至在逆温层以下也较少。

项目成果

Photochemical production of ozone in the upper troposphere in association with cumulus convection over Indonesia

• DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000844
• 发表时间: 2002-02
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research
• 作者: K. Kita;S. Kawakami;Y. Miyazaki;Y. Higashi;Y. Kondo;N. Nishi;M. Koike;D. Blake;T. Machida;T. Sano;Weiwei Hu;M. Ko;T. Ogawa

Photochemical ozone budget during BIBLE-A and B campaigns.

BIBLE-A 和 B 活动期间的光化学臭氧预算。

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: J.Geophys.Res. 108
• 作者: M.Ko;W.Hu;J.Rodriguez;Y.Kondo;M.Koike;K.Kita;S.Kawakami;D.Blake;S.Liu
• 通讯作者: S.Liu

Removal of NOx and NOy in biomass burning plumes in the boundary layer over northern Australia.

去除澳大利亚北部边界层生物质燃烧羽流中的 NOx 和 NOy。

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research vol.108
• 作者: N.Takegawa;Y.Kondo;M.Koike;M.Ko;K.Kita;D.R.Blake;N.Nishi;W.Hu;J.B.Liley;S.Kawakami;T Shirai;Y.Miyazaki;H.Ikeda;J.Russell-Smith;T.Ogawa
• 通讯作者: T.Ogawa

Reactive nitrogen over the tropical Western Pacific Influence from lightning and biomass burning

热带西太平洋上空的活性氮 闪电和生物质燃烧的影响

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: J.Geophys.Res. 108
• 作者: M.Koike;Y.Kondo;D.Akutagawa;K.Kita;N.Nishi;S.C.Liu;D.Blake;S.Kawakami;N.Takegawa;M.Ko;Y.Zhao;T.Ogawa
• 通讯作者: T.Ogawa

Effects of biomass burning, lightning, and convection on O3, CO, and NOy over the tropical Pacific and Australia in August-October.

8-10月生物质燃烧、闪电和对流对热带太平洋和澳大利亚上空 O3、CO 和 NOy 的影响。

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: J.Geophys.Res. 108
• 作者: Y.Kondo;M.Koike;K.Kita;H.Ikeda;N.Takegawa;I.Bey;D.J.Jacob;S.Kawakami;D.Blake;S.C.Liu;M.Ko;H.Irie;Y.Miyazaki;Y.Higashi;B.Liley;N.Nishi;Y.Zhao;T.Ogawa
• 通讯作者: T.Ogawa