Whole genome association analysis for pork quality in both cross- and pure-bred populations.

杂交和纯种猪肉品质的全基因组关联分析。

• 批准号: 379911-2008
• 负责人: Plastow, Graham
• 金额: $ 39.49万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=499213
• 关键词: Whole; genome; association; analysis; pork

Understanding the genes involved in variation in complex traits in human diseases is one of the most exciting areas of biological research. This area is termed genomics. Genomics technology also offers tremendous opportunities for animal breeders, as it can provide new tools that can be used to easily and accurately select animals for traits such as meat quality and animal health. These traits are difficult or expensive to measure, or need to be addressed indirectly - for example, meat quality can only be determined post mortem so that measurements are made on relatives of potential breeding animals. The pig genome is now being sequenced and this exercise will generate large numbers of DNA markers (e.g. single nucleotide polymorphisms - SNPs) that can be used to find the genes that explain variation in such traits. This process, using tens of thousands of DNA markers, is known as whole genome association analysis. It results in the identification of DNA markers that can be used as diagnostic tools to help estimate the breeding value of an animal for these important traits and to do this early in the life of an animal. These tools increase the accuracy and rate of improvement for the traits of interest so as to be able to produce pork that better meets the changing demands of consumers. This project, a partnership between the University of Alberta and two pig breeding companies (Genesus and Hypor) will collect large numbers of measurements on commercial crossbred pigs used for pork production as well as the pure lines (equivalent to breeds) used to produce them. The samples and data collected will enable the team to make use of the new DNA tools now being generated by genome sequencing as soon as they are developed. The rich dataset and results that will be generated will provide new tools to help develop better pork products and create new opportunities to develop novel approaches for pig breeding. This team is seeking to apply the latest methods developed in human biology to create new ways of improving the competitiveness of the Canadian pig breeding and production sectors. This approach is essential if Canada is to remain one of the world leaders for the selection, production and export of healthy pigs and pork.

了解与人类疾病复杂性状变异相关的基因是生物学研究中最令人兴奋的领域之一。这个领域被称为基因组学。基因组技术还为动物饲养者提供了巨大的机会，因为它可以提供新的工具，可用于轻松、准确地选择动物的肉质和动物健康等性状。这些性状测量起来很困难或昂贵，或者需要间接解决 - 例如，肉质只能在死后确定，以便对潜在繁殖动物的亲属进行测量。目前正在对猪基因组进行测序，这项工作将产生大量 DNA 标记（例如单核苷酸多态性 - SNP），可用于查找解释此类性状变异的基因。这个过程使用了数以万计的 DNA 标记，被称为全基因组关联分析。它导致 DNA 标记的识别，这些标记可用作诊断工具，帮助估计动物这些重要性状的育种价值，并在动物生命的早期进行这一工作。这些工具提高了感兴趣性状的准确性和改进率，从而能够生产出更好地满足消费者不断变化的需求的猪肉。该项目由阿尔伯塔大学和两家养猪公司（加裕和海波尔）合作，将收集用于猪肉生产的商业杂交猪以及用于生产它们的纯系（相当于品种）的大量测量数据。收集到的样本和数据将使团队能够利用目前通过基因组测序生成的新 DNA 工具，一旦开发完成。将产生的丰富数据集和结果将提供新工具，帮助开发更好的猪肉产品，并为开发新的养猪方法创造新机会。该团队正在寻求应用人类生物学中开发的最新方法来创造提高加拿大养猪和生产部门竞争力的新方法。如果加拿大要继续成为健康生猪和猪肉选择、生产和出口的世界领先者之一，这种方法至关重要。