A stud on the mechanism of the formation of multiple and braded bar channels

多股辫状杆通道形成机理的螺柱研究

• 批准号: 13450198
• 负责人: SHIMIZU Yasuyuki
• 金额: $ 7.94万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13450198/
• 关键词: Braided Bars; Multiple Low Bars; River Bed Deformation; Meandering Channel; Numerical Model; Experiment; 植生; 分岐; 複列河川; 合流; モード解析; 数値計算モデル; 氾濫流; 分岐流路; 河岸侵食; 非定常流量; 履歴効果; 流路交番現象; 中州; 数値解析; 移動床実験

Mechanism of the generation and formation of multiple bars and braided stream were studied by experimentally, numerically and theoretically.Shimizu performed a series of physical experiment using a flume with moveable bed. At first, water discharge is supplied and natural bar pool bed topography is generated. Then grass seeds were strewed on the bar formed and grown up for a few weeks. The water supply was continued and the effect of vegetation to bed and bank erosion was investigated. A numerical model is successfully developed to reproduce the bar formation and bank erosion observed in the experiments. The numerical model is applied to study the flow and bed deformation observed during a flood of the Appetsu River of the August in 2003.Hasegawa performed an experiment to simulate the flow and sediment diversion and conversion in braided stream. The importance of the alternating bar characteristics was found by the experiment and a theory to explain this effect is proposed. This results was applied to the channel diversion of the Shibetsu River, and the sediment transport and the bar formation were explained.Watanabe performed an experiment focused on the effect of unsteady flow to the bar generation. The flow discharge hydrograph was determined to produce the transformation of bars from alternate bars to multiple bars. It was found that the historical effect is very important in for the transformation of bars in the moveable bed channels.Consequently, the framework of the generation of multiple bars and braided bars were investigated systematically and a theory and a numerical model were proposed to reproduce the actual channel formation in the alluvial rivers.

通过实验，数值和理论上研究了多个条和编织流的生成和形成的机制。Shimizu使用带有可移动床的水槽进行了一系列物理实验。首先，提供水排放，并产生天然酒吧泳池床的地形。然后将草种子散布在形成的酒吧上，并长大了几周。继续进行供水，并研究了植被对床和河岸侵蚀的影响。成功开发了一个数值模型，以重现实验中观察到的棒形成和河岸侵蚀。数值模型用于研究2003年8月的Appetsu河流洪水期间观察到的流量和床变形。实验发现了交替的条形特征的重要性，并提出了解释这种效果的理论。该结果应用于shibetsu河的通道转移，并解释了沉积物的传输和棒形成。Watanabe进行了一项针对不稳定流量对棒生成的影响的实验。确定流量排放水文图以产生从替代条向多个条的杆的转化。发现对可移动的床通道中的条形转换的历史效果非常重要。因此，系统地研究了多个条和编织条的生成框架，并提出了一个理论和数值模型来重现冲积河中实际通道的形成。

项目成果

Yasuharu Watanabe, Takashi Kuwamura: "Hydraulic experiment on the mode reduction process in braided stream"Annual Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. Vol.48. 997-1002 (2004)

Yasuharu Watanabe、Takashi Kuwamura：“辫状流模态还原过程的水力实验”水利工程学年刊。

渡邊康玄, 佐藤耕治, 大山史浩: "非定常下での砂州形成実験"水工学論文集. 第46巻. 713-718 (2002)

Yasugen Watanabe、Koji Sato、Fumihiro Oyama：“不稳定条件下的沙洲形成实验”水利工程学报第 46 卷 713-718（2002 年）。

清水康行: "河道平面形状の形成における河床・河岸の変動特性の相互関係について"水工学論文集. 第47巻. 643-648 (2003)

清水康之：“论河道平面形状形成中河床和河岸波动特征的相互关系”水利工程学报第47卷643-648（2003年）。

藤田将輝, 長谷川和義, 渡邊康玄, 空閑 健: "標津川蛇行分岐部における流砂量配分と河床の堆積・浸食"土木学会北海道支部論文報告集. 第60巻. 370-373 (2004)

Masaki Fujita、Kazuyoshi Hasekawa、Yasugen Watanabe、Ken Kuga：“标津河蜿蜒支流的流沙分布与河床沉积和侵蚀”日本土木学会北海道分会论文集 60. 370-373 (2004)。

目黒悠樹, 長谷川和義, 中村健作: "山地河川における分岐流路変動と土砂移動に関する実験的研究"水工学論文集. 第46巻. 755-760 (2002)

目黑佑树、长谷川和义、中村健作：“山区河流支流河道波动与泥沙运动的实验研究”，水利工程学报，第 46 卷，755-760 (2002)