Field Research on Genetic Variation of Ancient Chinese Population and Its Temporal Changes

中国古代人口遗传变异及其时间变迁的田野研究

基本信息

批准号：
12575014
负责人：
UEDA Shintaroh
金额：
$ 8.06万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12575014/
关键词：
ancient China human population genetic variation ancient DNA mitochondria fossil Yellow River civilization Yin Ruins 遺伝子 DNA 国際研究者交流中華人民共和国

项目摘要

We here carried out filed research about the genetic variation of human population in ancient China, especially focusing on the Yin Ruins, the capital of the Shang Dynasty in China. We have previously found drastic changes in population genetic structure of three populations that lived in the same location, Linzi of China, in different periods: 2500 years ago (the Spring-Autumn era), 2000 years ago (the Han era), and the present day. The results obtained indicate that the genetic background of the three populations is distinct from each other. Inconsistent with the geographical distribution, the 2500-year-old Linzi population showed greater genetic similarity to present-day European populations than to present-day East Asian populations. The 2000 year-old Linzi population had features that were intermediate between the present-day European/2500-year-old Linzi populations and the present day East Asian populations. These relationships suggest the occurrence of drastic spatiotemporal changes in genetic structure of Chinese people during the past 2500 years. The Yin Ruins locates on the Central Plains, the civilization center of ancient China, whereas Linzi locates in the marginal region of the Central Plains. To disclose representative feature on genetic structure of ancient human population in China, we excavated and collected human remains from the Yin Ruins site. For subsequent DNA analysis, we did pre-treatment these bone samples and extracted DNAs from them. After purification, we did DNA amplification for the mitochondrial D-loop sequences, and determined their nucleotide sequences directly.

我们在这里对中国古代人群的遗传变异进行了实地研究，特别是对中国商代都城殷墟进行了实地研究。我们之前发现，生活在同一地点中国临淄的三个种群在不同时期的种群遗传结构发生了巨大的变化：2500年前（春秋时代）、2000年前（汉时代）和2000年前（汉时代）。今天。获得的结果表明这三个群体的遗传背景彼此不同。与地理分布不一致的是，2500年前的临淄人群与当今欧洲人群的遗传相似性高于与当今东亚人群的遗传相似性。 2000 年前的临淄人口的特征介于现今欧洲/2500 年前临淄人口和现今东亚人口之间。这些关系表明，在过去的2500年里，中国人的基因结构发生了剧烈的时空变化。殷墟位于中原，是古代中国的文明中心，而临淄则位于中原的边缘地区。为了揭示中国古代人类遗传结构的代表性特征，我们在殷墟遗址中挖掘和收集了人类遗骸。为了进行后续的DNA分析，我们对这些骨骼样本进行了预处理并从中提取了DNA。纯化后，我们对线粒体D环序列进行DNA扩增，并直接测定其核苷酸序列。