Studies on refulation of herbivores by ants in tropical rain forests

热带雨林蚂蚁对食草动物排斥的研究

基本信息

批准号：
14405004
负责人：
ITIOKA Takao
金额：
$ 2.94万
依托单位：
Kyoto University (2004)Nagoya University (2002-2003)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To elucidate the species composition, abundance and spatial distribution of ants in the forest canopy of a tropical rain forest in Borneo, ant abundance were censused in the forest canopy of 15 tree species several times in the dipterocarp forest at Lambir National Park in Sarawak, Malaysia, using the system for observation of forest canopy there. In addition, to analyze the effects of ants on the herbivores, herbivore abundance and herbivory damage on leaves of the trees were also censused. Moreover, the effects of presence of epiphytes and aerial soil in the forest canopy on the availability of nest sites for ants were studied in the field.The results suggested that few species of ants utilize space both on the ground and on trees as their home range, that spatial distribution of ant species in the forest canopy is rather stable, and that particular ant species prefer the forest canopy or epiphytes for their nest sites. A few ant species that usually use the ground surface as their home range were observed to expand the range onto the surface of the tree trunk temporarily, and ant species that settle in the domatia of some epiphytes were often observed to be dominant in the forest canopy. The home ranges of these two types of ant species showed little overlap spatially, and were likely to have indirect influences on the spatial distribution of the other species in the forest canopy. Thus, it is presumed hat there is strong interspecific competition in the ant community in the forest canopy. The data suggest the possibility that ants that colonize epiphytes might regulate the abundance of lianas and other epiphytes and indirectly affect the spatial distribution of the other ants through the regulation. The data on the relations between herbivory damage and ant abundance suggest that these ant species might significantly function as predator regulating herbivores on the trees.

为了阐明婆罗洲热带雨林林冠中蚂蚁的物种组成、丰度和空间分布，对马来西亚沙捞越州兰比尔国家公园的龙脑香科森林中的15种树种的林冠进行了多次普查。，使用该系统观察那里的森林冠层。此外，为了分析蚂蚁对食草动物的影响，还调查了食草动物的丰度和食草动物对树叶的损害。此外，还实地研究了森林冠层中附生植物和气生土壤对蚂蚁巢穴可用性的影响。结果表明，很少有蚂蚁种类同时利用地面和树木上的空间作为它们的栖息地，森林冠层中蚂蚁物种的空间分布相当稳定，并且特定的蚂蚁物种更喜欢森林冠层或附生植物作为它们的巢穴。一些通常以地面为栖息地的蚂蚁物种被观察到暂时将活动范围扩大到树干表面，并且经常观察到定居在一些附生植物的圆巢中的蚂蚁物种在森林冠层中占主导地位。这两类蚂蚁的栖息地在空间上几乎没有重叠，并且可能对森林冠层中其他物种的空间分布产生间接影响。因此，可以推测森林冠层中的蚂蚁群落存在强烈的种间竞争。这些数据表明，寄生在附生植物上的蚂蚁可能会调节藤本植物和其他附生植物的丰度，并通过这种调节间接影响其他蚂蚁的空间分布。关于食草损害与蚂蚁丰度之间关系的数据表明，这些蚂蚁物种可能在树上作为捕食者调节食草动物。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（28）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Severe drought, leafing phenology, leaf damage and lepidopteran abundance in the canopy of a Bornean aseasonal tropical rain forest.

婆罗洲非季节性热带雨林冠层的严重干旱、叶子物候、叶子损伤和鳞翅目丰度。

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Journal of Tropical Ecology 20
影响因子：
0
作者：
Itioka;T.;Yamauti;M.
通讯作者：
M.

地上40mでの昆虫調査:熱帯低地フタバガキ林の林冠昆虫の生態

海拔40m昆虫调查：热带低地龙脑香林冠层昆虫生态学

DOI：
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
昆虫と自然 37(8)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Hatada.A.;Itioka;T.;Yamaoka;R.;Itino;T.;市岡孝朗
通讯作者：
市岡孝朗

Resource use of insect seed predators during general flowering and seeding events in a Bornean dipterocarp rain forest

婆罗洲龙脑香雨林一般开花和播种过程中昆虫种子捕食者的资源利用

DOI：
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
Bulletin of Entomological Research 93
影响因子：
0
作者：
Nakagawa;M.;Itioka;T.;Momose;K.;Yumoto;T.;Komai;F.;Morimoto;K.;Jordal;B.H.;他5名
通讯作者：
他5名

Itioka, T, Yamauti, M.: "Severe drought, leafing phenology, leaf damage and lepidopteran abundance in the canopy of a Bornean aseasonal tropical rain forest."Journal of Tropical Ecology. (印刷中).

Itioka, T, Yamauti, M.：“婆罗洲非季节性热带雨林冠层的严重干旱、叶状物候、叶片损伤和鳞翅目丰度。”热带生态学杂志（正在出版）。