Effects of microbes on the characteristics of minelariization of nitrogen and carbon in a forest soil system

微生物对森林土壤系统氮碳矿化特征的影响

基本信息

批准号：
11460066
负责人：
HAIBARA Kikuo
金额：
$ 4.42万
依托单位：
Tokvo University of Agriculture and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Some forest soils including Taiwan, China and Indonesia were analyzed using a kinetic model in order to clarify the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen mineralization of A_0 and mineral soil horizon. The study were done to make clear relationship among nitrogen and carbon mineralaization and microbial biomass, heterotrophs, nitrobacteria too.Three characteristics of nitrogen and carbon mineralization that are mineralization potential, mineralization rate constant and apparent activation energy were determined and relationship between three mineralization characteristics and chemical properties were clarified. Microbial flora, nitrogen - carbon mineralization and nitrification were investigated at the different slope and vegetation. Amounts of organic nitrogen and the effects microbial flora on the nitrogen and carbon mineralization and factors defined these mineralization were discussed. From these studied, amounts of organic nitrogen and nitrogen mineraization were different at the different slope and microbial biomass nitrogen itself become the results of nutrients. After 6 months of clear-cutting and burning, heterotrophs and mineralization increased mineralization potential, apparent activation energy and minerlization of nitrogen were increased, but after 18 months these values decreased Soil pH is important for activities of microbe and number of 'hererotrophs nitrobacteria and amount of microbe biomass increased application of calcium and magnesium.Microbe biomass and characteristics of nitrogen and carbon mineralization were investigated about fraction of degree of decomposition of A_0 organic matters. From these results, characteristics of organic carbon are increased greatly for decomposition of organic nitrogen. Water is important for decomposition of A_0 organic matter and flush phenomenon are progressing decomposition occurred by precipitation after lasting of fine day.

为了阐明A_0和矿质土壤层的碳氮矿化特征，采用动力学模型对包括台湾、中国和印度尼西亚在内的一些森林土壤进行了分析。研究目的是明确氮、碳矿化与微生物生物量、异养生物、硝化细菌之间的关系。确定了氮、碳矿化的三个特征，即矿化势、矿化速率常数和表观活化能，以及三个矿化特征与氮碳矿化作用之间的关系。化学性质得到澄清。对不同坡度和植被下的微生物区系、氮碳矿化和硝化作用进行了调查。讨论了有机氮的含量以及微生物菌群对氮和碳矿化的影响以及定义这些矿化的因素。从这些研究来看，不同坡度的有机氮和氮矿化量不同，微生物量氮本身成为养分的结果。砍伐和燃烧 6 个月后，异养生物和矿化增加，矿化潜力、表观活化能和氮矿化增加，但 18 个月后这些值下降土壤 pH 值对于微生物的活动和“异养硝化细菌”的数量和数量很重要研究了A_0有机质分解度分数的微生物量及氮碳矿化特征。从这些结果来看，对于有机氮的分解，有机碳的特性大大增加。水对于A_0有机物的分解很重要，晴天持续后，降水所发生的分解过程中会出现冲刷现象。