ADAM SMITH'S THEORY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT : A THEORETICAL AND HISTORICAL REINTERPRETATION OF TEH WEALTH OF NATIONS

亚当·斯密的经济发展理论:对国富论的理论和历史重新解释

基本信息

批准号：
04630006
负责人：
TAKA Tetsuo
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY (1994)Hiroshima University (1992-1993)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Three points can be cited as the result of three years research work on reinterpretation of Adam Smith's Theory of Economic Development in The Wealth of Nations.First, although Smith's basic concept of the natural balance of industry already appeares clearly even in Letures on Jurisprudence (A), he still has a very static understanding of the relation between the price and the volume of things ; the high price of things is the result of their much volume, and vice versa.Second, Smith's labor theory of value and price must have a triplicated structure, because the measure of value, the foundation of the value and price theory consists of three different terms ; labor, money (silber) and corn. Labor is the only universal measure of value at all times and places, but it is too abstract for ordinary people to understand. Money (silber) is the accurate measure or value only at the same time and place, and corn is the better measure of value than money (silber) at long distant times and places because the same quantities of corn can maintain at every time and place the nearly equal quantities of labor.Third, the volume of fund for economic growth ultimately depends on the margin of quantities of labor which can be maintaind by the produce that the maintained labor brings to the market. The fastest and most certain road to economic growth, therefore, is to employ capital and labor in growing corn, whose efficiency of energy conversion is the highest among all rude produce of land. It is hard to believe that the Physiocrats had an idea of corn's efficiency of energy conversion as deeply and clearly as Smith.

重新解读亚当·斯密《国富论》中的经济发展理论，经过三年的研究，得出的结果有三点。第一，尽管斯密的产业自然平衡的基本概念在《法理学讲座》中已经清晰地出现（A ），他对于事物的价格和数量之间的关系还是有一个非常静态的认识；其次，斯密的劳动价值和价格理论必须具有三重结构，因为价值的衡量标准、价值和价格理论的基础由三个不同的部分组成。条款；劳动力、金钱（银）和玉米。劳动是古今中外唯一普遍的价值衡量标准，但对于普通人来说太抽象了，难以理解。货币（银）仅在同一时间和地点才是准确的衡量标准或价值，而在遥远的时间和地点，玉米是比货币（银）更好的价值衡量标准，因为在任何时间和地点都可以维持相同数量的玉米第三，经济增长的资金量最终取决于所维持的劳动力向市场提供的产品所能维持的劳动力数量的边际。因此，经济增长最快、最确定的途径就是利用资本和劳动力种植玉米，玉米的能源转换效率是所有原始土地产品中最高的。很难相信重农主义者对玉米的能量转换效率的认识像斯密一样深刻而清晰。