DiversiPHY and conquer — Diversification of phytochromes during plant terrestrialisation

DiversiPHY 和征服 â 植物陆化过程中光敏色素的多样化

• 批准号: 440515704
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Andreas Hiltbrunner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Biologie II
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/440515704?language=en
• 关键词: DiversiPHY; conquer; Diversification; phytochromes; during

Compared to aquatic habitats, the light conditions on land can be very different, suggesting that plant terrestrialisation required adaptations in photosensory receptors and downstream signalling pathways. Phytochromes (PHYs) are an important class of photoreceptors in plants. In seed plants, ferns, and mosses, independent gene duplications events resulted in small PHY gene families. Functional diversification of PHYs in seed plants into red and far-red light sensing PHYs is well known. However, due to the independent evolution of the PHY diversity in seed plants, ferns, and mosses, functional diversification of PHYs in ferns and mosses cannot be predicted based on studies on seed plant PHYs. Investigating the functional diversification of PHYs is an important goal of the proposed project Work in the frame of the first funding period of MAdLand has shown that the three clades of PHYs in the moss Physcomitrium patens functionally diversified into clades with red and far-red light sensing PHYs, respectively, and into a clade that has dual-specificity and acts in red and far-red light. In the proposed project, we want to investigate functional diversification of PHYs in the fern Ceratopteris richardii using PHY knock-out or knock-down mutants. In addition, we also want to compare the characteristics of red and far-red light induced responses mediated by the different PHYs in Physcomitrium and Ceratopteris to identify similarities and differences that could point to common or lineage-specific mechanisms of light signalling. In contrast to ferns and mosses, liverworts contain a single PHY that is active in red and far-red light. By cross-species complementation studies with the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and the moss Physcomitrium patens, we then want to identify amino acid residues or motifs that are important for functional diversification of PHYs. Finally, we found that two key components of light signalling in land plants possibly have been acquired in the last common ancestor of land plants and therefore could be innovations in light signalling that facilitated plant terrestrialisation. In the last part of the project, we want to explore this idea.

与水生栖息地相比，陆地上的光照条件可能非常不同，这表明植物陆化需要光感受体和下游信号通路的适应。光敏色素（PHY）是植物中一类重要的光感受器。在种子植物、蕨类植物和苔藓中，独立的基因复制事件导致了小的 PHY 基因家族。众所周知，种子植物中 PHY 的功能多样化为红光和远红光传感 PHY。然而，由于种子植物、蕨类植物和苔藓中PHY多样性的独立进化，无法根据种子植物PHY的研究来预测蕨类和苔藓中PHY的功能多样性。研究 PHY 的功能多样化是该项目的一个重要目标。在 MAdLand 第一个资助期的框架内开展的工作表明，苔藓植物 Physcomitrium patens 中 PHY 的三个分支在功能上多样化为具有红光和远红光传感的分支分别将 PHY 分为具有双重特异性并在红光和远红光下起作用的进化枝。在拟议的项目中，我们希望使用 PHY 敲除或敲低突变体来研究蕨类植物 Ceratopteris richardii 中 PHY 的功能多样化。此外，我们还想比较立蕨属和角蕨属中不同 PHY 介导的红光和远红光诱导反应的特征，以确定相似点和差异，从而揭示光信号传导的常见或谱系特异性机制。与蕨类植物和苔藓相比，地钱含有一个在红光和远红光下活跃的 PHY。通过地钱地钱和苔藓小立碗藓的跨物种互补研究，我们希望鉴定出对 PHY 功能多样化重要的氨基酸残基或基序。最后，我们发现陆地植物光信号的两个关键组成部分可能是在陆地植物的最后一个共同祖先中获得的，因此可能是促进植物陆地化的光信号创新。在项目的最后一部分，我们想探索这个想法。