A fundamental study on the new technique for production of Al-tolerant plants.

耐铝植物生产新技术的基础研究.

基本信息

批准号：
63480050
负责人：
WAGATSUMA Tadao
金额：
$ 4.48万
依托单位：
Yamagata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63480050/
关键词：
Aluminum toxicity Aluminum tolerance Methylene blue stainability Root protoplast Plasma membrane Zeta potential Separation of Al-tolerant protoplasts Culture of protoplasts メチレンブルー染色アルミニウム耐性ゼータ電位植物体再生

项目摘要

The objectives of the present study are to clarify the mechanisms of Al-toxicity and Al tolerance and to offer fundamental information for the production of Al-tolerant plants. Results are summarized as follows.1. Mechanisms of Al toxicity and Al tolerance(1)Characteristics of Al uptake and translocation differ among plant species, and do not correlate with the differential Al tolerance among plant species.Al is highly deposited in the tip and the outer portions of roots, and in the cell wall. (2)Al considerably diffuses into root cells by metabolic inhibitors or in anaerobic conditions. Metabolically maintained Al excluding power of root plasmalemma is main strategy for Al tolerance.(3)pH ascending power of roots or the tolerances of the low nutrients in plants are not the cause of Al tolerance. (4)Phytotoxicity of Al ion species is in the order of hydroxy-Al polymer ions > monomeric Al ions > AlSCr^+_.2. Relationship between Al tolerance and the surface negativity of plasmalemma of root protoplasts.(1)Plasmalemma of root cells in the section is stained highly with basic dyes,i.e., methylene blue, in Al-sensitive plant species (measuring with multi-purpose graphic analyzer). (2)Methylene blue stainability of root protoplasts is low and zeta potential of them is high in Al-tolerant plant species. (3)Al and various basic dyes aggregate protoplasts and destroy the plasmalemma. (4)Root is composed of protoplasts of a range of Al tolerances. Root of Al-toleraht plant is composed of a large number of Al-tolerant protoplasts.3. Separation and culturing of Al-tolerant protoplasts(1)New technique for the separation of Al-tolerant protoplasts from original protplast population may be able to be developed by utilizing the plasmalemma negativity of Al-tolerant protoplasts. Conditions for culturing of tomato protoplasts are certified.

本研究的目的是阐明铝毒性和耐铝性的机制，为耐铝植物的生产提供基础信息。研究结果如下： 1．铝毒及耐铝机制（1）植物对铝的吸收和转运特征存在差异，与植物耐铝差异无关。铝在根尖和外部沉积较多，细胞壁。 (2)Al通过代谢抑制剂或在厌氧条件下大量扩散到根细胞中。根部质膜代谢维持的铝排除能力是耐铝的主要策略。(3)根系的pH上升能力或植物对低养分的耐受力不是耐铝的原因。 (4)Al离子种类的药害顺序为羟基Al聚合物离子>单体Al离子>AlSCr^+_.2。铝耐受性与根原生质体表面负性的关系。（1）铝敏感植物根部细胞质膜被碱性染料亚甲蓝高度染色（用多功能图形分析仪测量））。 (2)耐铝植物根部原生质体亚甲基蓝染色能力低,zeta电位高。 (3)Al和各种碱性染料聚集原生质体，破坏质膜。 (4)根由具有一系列铝耐受性的原生质体组成。耐铝植物的根部由大量耐铝原生质体组成。 3．耐铝原生质体的分离与培养(1)利用耐铝原生质体的质膜负性,可以开发从原始原生质体群体中分离耐铝原生质体的新技术。番茄原生质体的培养条件已获得认证。