Time discrimination in the mentally retarded: Latency changes in the evoked potentials with visual masking paradigm

弱智者的时间歧视：视觉掩蔽范式诱发电位的潜伏期变化

基本信息

批准号：
61450009
负责人：
KITAJIMA Shofi
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The research was composed of two sections. First analyzed the regulation of attention transfer in time (in a split of a second). Second analyzed the relationship between memory accessibility and target context (the effect of priming).First section: Visual ERPs were measured in relation to selective attention directed to positions in time. Two target pairs (S1-S2 and S3-S4), each composed of a number (N) and a checkerboard (C) with short ISI, were flashed successively. NC-NC and CN-CN sequences were presented with the same probability in random order. A subject's task was naming for the number and pattern-matching for the checkerboard. The target was the number in a session, while the checkerboard in another session. Effects of two attentional conditions on the requlation of attention transfer in time were measured by the amplitude of the occipital N1 to the target and nontarget stimuli. One attentional condition was Focused in which a subject knew the target position prior to S1 presentation and another was Divided in which the subject did not know the target position prior to S1. The data suggested that (1) the normal subject regulated his attention transfer, that is, attending to the target and disregarding the nontarget, (2) mentally retarded and schizophrenia attended to the nontarget as well as to the target.Second section: Two pictures (S1 and S2) of familiar animals/objects were presented with short intervals. Reaction time (RT) for the S2 naming and the ERP N400 to S2 were analyzed. Parameter was closeness or distance in meaning between S1 and S2. The data suggested that (1) RT was longer and N400 was larger in amplitude when S1 and S2 were distant in meaning and (2) the same tendency was found for the retarded people as for the normal subjects.

该研究由两个部分组成。首先分析了时间上注意力传递的调节（在第二秒的拆分中）。第二个分析了记忆可访问性与目标上下文（启动的效果）之间的关系。第一部分：视觉ERP是根据及时针对位置的选择性注意的。两个目标对（S1-S2和S3-S4）连续闪烁。 NC-NC和CN-CN序列以随机顺序显示相同的概率。主题的任务是为棋盘板命名数字和图案匹配。目标是会话中的数字，而另一个会话中的棋盘板。通过枕骨N1对目标和非目标刺激的振幅测量了两种注意条件对时间重新转移的影响。一个注意力的重点是，一个受试者在S1演示之前就知道目标位置，而另一个受试者则在S1之前不知道目标位置。数据表明，（1）正常受试者调节了他的注意力传递，即参与目标并无视非目标，（2）精神智障，精神分裂症和精神分裂症都参与了非目标。第二部分：熟悉的动物/对象的两张图片（S1和S2）与熟悉的动物/物体的两张图片（S1和S2）相短。分析了S2命名和ERP N400至S2的反应时间（RT）。参数是S1和S2之间的含义的紧密度或距离。数据表明，当S1和S2的含义远处时，（1）RT更长，N400在幅度较大，并且（2）为智障人士发现与正常受试者相同的趋势。