Mechano-electric transduction and dynamics of cytoskeletons in mechanoreceptor cells

机械感受器细胞中的机械电转导和细胞骨架动力学

基本信息

批准号：
06454028
负责人：
TOH Yoshihiro
金额：
$ 4.8万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is widely known that there are three types of mechanoreceptors in insects, which structurally and morphologically differ from each other. In the present study morphological basis of mechano-electric transduction has been examined in the three types of insect mechanoreceptors by means of rapid freezing techniques for electron microscopy.1) The structure of the chordotonal organ was examined in cockroach antennae, Drosophila halteres, and locust femurs. Their sensory cilia show some similarity to motile cilia, being thin and long and possessing axoneme with dyenin arms. Morphological comparison between mechanically stimulated cilia and un-stimulated ones suggests that active stroke or passive waving of the sensory cilia may be involved in the mechano-electric transduction.2) The structure of the campaniform sensillum was examined in cockroach antennae and Drosophila halteres. Their sensory cilia are characterized by the tubular body in the distal tip, which is known as a bundle of microtubules. The observation of rapid frozen specimens revealed that actin filaments occur among microtubules in the tubular body. Regular arrangement of the two types of filaments may comprise morphological basis of mechano-electric transduction in the campaniform sensilla. Depolymerization of such cytoskeleton resulted in reduction of receptor sensitivity.3) The structure of the stretch receptor was examined in locust wings. The cell body of the stretch receptors is large (up to 50 mum) and extends many dendrites, which must be receptor sites. Actin filaments were densely localized in the dendritic regions.4) The data obtained in the present study suggest that three types of the insect mechanoreceptors possess their specific primary processes of the mechano-electric transduction, which is closely related to specific organization of cytoskeleton in the receptor region.

众所周知，昆虫中有三种类型的机械感受器，它们在结构和形态上彼此之间有所不同。在本研究中，通过电子显微镜的快速冷冻技术，已经在三种类型的昆虫机械感受器中检查了机械转导的形态基础。1）在蟑螂天线，果蝇吊虫和固体吊虫和固体中检查了核孔器官的结构股骨。他们的感官纤毛与纤毛的纤毛有一定的相似之处，稀薄而长，具有二角蛋白臂。机械刺激的纤毛与未刺激的纤毛之间的形态学比较表明，感觉纤毛的主动卒中或被动的纤毛被被动挥舞可能与机械电型传输有关。2）在蟑螂天气和果蝇吊带中检查了Campaniorment Sensillum的结构。它们的感觉纤毛的特征是远端尖端的管状体，这被称为微管束。快速冷冻标本的观察表明，肌动蛋白丝在管状体的微管中发生。两种类型的细丝的定期排列可能包括坎帕形感觉中的机械电气转导的形态基础。这种细胞骨架的解聚，导致受体敏感性降低。3）在蝗虫翅膀中检查了拉伸受体的结构。拉伸受体的细胞体很大（多达50摄氏度），并延伸许多树突，必须是受体部位。肌动蛋白丝密集地定位于树突状区域。4）本研究中获得的数据表明，三种类型的昆虫机械感受器具有其特定的机械电型转导的特定主要过程，该过程与特定的细胞孔中的特定组织密切相关。受体区域。