Analysis of canopy structure of multi-species plant communities

多物种植物群落冠层结构分析

• 批准号: 06454007
• 负责人: HIROSE Tadaki
• 金额: $ 4.35万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06454007/
• 关键词: plant community; canopy structure; competition; coexistence; photosynthesis; protein; nitrogen use efficiency; multi-species system; 各種共存系; 光合成; 窒素; 光; クロロフィル; 葉緑体タンパク質; plant community; canopy structure; competition; coexistence; photosynthesis; protein; nitrogen use efficiency; multi-species system; 各種共存系; 光合成; 窒素; 光; クロロフィル; 葉緑体タンパク質

A plant communty consists of a range of species different in plant height. Tall dominant species occupying upper layrs in the canopy receive a large fraction of photon flux density, while small subordinate species occupying lower layrs receive small fractions of available photons. Tall species, however, invest relatively more biomass to supporting tissues to position their leaves high in the canopy. Thus photon absorption per unit aboveground biomass is similar between tall dominant and small subordinate species. Through the two-year study, we found : (1) In the Miscanthus sinensis stand at Kawatabi, photon absorption per unit aboveground biomass of subordinate species such as Lysimachia japonica was high early in the growing season, while that of dominant Miscanthus sinensis was high late in the growing season. This enables subordinate species to coexist with dominant Miscanthus sinensis. (2) Mixed stands of rice (C3) and millet (C4) were established in a greenhouse and competition be … More tween these species was analyzed. Although millet germinating later than rice, its growth rate was larger than rice plants. Rice reduced the growth of millet by 5%, while millet reduced the growth rate of rice up to 30%. (3) We developed a model to estimate photosynthesis of individuals in a dense stand and analyzed factors involved in the development of size hierarchy. Tall dominant plants had larger photon absorption per unit aboveground biomass and larger photosynthetic rates per unit absorbed photon flux density than suppressed plants, intensiflying the size hierarchy of the stand. (4) A model was made to analyze the effect on photosynthetic capacity of different nitrogen partitioning among photosynthetic proteins. The optimal partitioning, depending on light conditions, lead to up to 20% increase in photosynthetic efficiency. (5) We compared protein partitioning between sun (Chenopodium album) and shade (Alocasia macrorrhiza) plants. Both species had protein partitioning close to the theoretical optimum. Less

植物群落由植物高度不同的一系列物种组成。在树冠中占据上层的高位主要物种获得了很大一部分光子通量密度，而占据下层的小属从属物种则获得了可用照片的小部分。但是，高个子物种投入更多的生物量来支撑组织以将其叶子高定位在树冠中。在高占主导地位和小型下属物种之间，每个单位的光子滥用在地上生物量相似。通过这项为期两年的研究，我们发现：（1）在川塔比的莫斯康纳西斯山脉中，下属物种（如lysimimachia japonica）在生长季节的早期，诸如lysimachia japonica等下属物种的光子滥用量很高，而在生长季节，占主导地位的莫斯纳西斯·辛森（Miscanthus sinensis）的占主导地位。这使下属物种能够与占主导地位的杂物共存。 （2）在温室和竞争中建立了大米（C3）和小米（C4）的混合林分……对这些物种进行了分析。尽管小米发芽的速度比大米晚，但其生长速率比水稻植物大。水稻将小米的生长降低了5％，而小米将大米的生长降低了30％。 （3）我们开发了一个模型，以估计一个密集的立场中个体的光合作用，并分析了大小层次结构发展的因素。高的主要植物比抑制的植物具有更大的光子吸收光子，每单位吸收光子通量密度的光子速率较大，从而增强了支架的尺寸层次结构。 （4）制定了一个模型来分析光合蛋白之间不同氮分配的光合作用能力的影响。根据光条件的不同，最佳分区可导致光合作用效率提高20％。 （5）我们比较了Sun（Chenopodium ables）和阴影（大型大龙）植物之间的蛋白质分配。这两种物种的蛋白质分配接近理论最佳。较少的