THEORETICAL STUDIES OF ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION IN LIFE HISTORY SHCEDULES.

生命史时间表中适应性进化的理论研究。

基本信息

批准号：
03454004
负责人：
IWASA Yoh
金额：
$ 3.9万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03454004/
关键词：
Phenology Uncertain fluctuation of environments Evolutionarily stable evolutionarily stable Insect Mformation Asynchronous life histor Decision making Competitive game of nutrient uptake 意思決定蛹化のバラツキ一化性二化性春型と夏型非対称二化解熱帯多雨林

项目摘要

(1) The evolution of seasonal timing of univoltine insects living on seasonally chaging renewable resources is studied. If competition during feeding larval stages is intense, asynchronous timing of hatching and pupation may evolve. The period in which pupation occur every day tends to be much longer than the period in which hatching occurs. However they may be synchronous if the impact of herbivorous insects on the food plant is small.(2) The evolution of voltinism of insects in seasonal environments is studied. A long growing season. small egg size, and fast growth tends to favor bivoltinism or multivoltinism over univoltinism. If the resource availability has a peak in the begining of the growing season and declines slowly afterwards, then the first generation larbae tends to have a larger pupation size and a shorter feeding period than the second generation, which may explain well-documented size difference between seasonal types.(3) In collaboration with Professor Dan Cohen, Hebrew University, the competitive uptake of nutrients in the medium by microbes or by terrestrial plants is studied, It is a competitive game between plants.(4) Evolutionarily stable timing of emergence of male butterflies in a fluctuating environment is studied in collaboration with Dr. Patsy Haccou, Leiden University. The importance of the role of information available for males in their decision making. A method was developped to infer the uncertainty that males have in their decision making from variances and covariance of emergence data of both sexes over many years.

（1）研究了生活在季节性可再生资源上的季节性时机的演变。如果在喂食幼虫阶段的竞争激烈，则可能会发展孵化和化合的异步时间。每天发生化合的时期往往比孵化发生的时期更长。但是，如果食草昆虫对食品植物的影响很小，它们可能是同步的。（2）研究了季节性环境中昆虫的炮量的演变。一个漫长的生长季节。小鸡蛋大小和快速生长倾向于比单抗溶作习惯有利于双伏氨酸或多伏硫胆教。如果资源的可用性在生长季节的开始时达到顶峰，然后随后缓慢下降，那么第一代Larbae倾向于比第二代具有更大的化合体尺寸和更短的喂食时间，这可能解释了季节性差异的季节性差异。（3）与丹·科恩（Dan Cohen）教授合作，由希伯来大学（Hebrew University）与竞争力的工厂合作，营养不良，是在营养不良的媒介中，是在营养不良的媒介中，是在营养不良的媒介中，是在营养成分。植物之间的竞争游戏。（4）与莱顿大学的Patsy Haccou博士合作研究了在波动环境中男性蝴蝶出现的进化稳定时机。信息在决策中可用于男性的信息的重要性。开发了一种方法来推断男性在多年来从两性出现数据的差异和协方差的决策中所具有的不确定性。