Learning from quantified episodic prediction errors: Individual biases in gist revision

从量化的情景预测错误中学习：要点修订中的个体偏差

• 批准号: 419037023
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Ricarda Ines Schubotz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitseinheit Biologische Psychologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/419037023?language=en
• 关键词: Learning; quantified; episodic; prediction; errors

To what extent and in which ways can episodic prediction errors (PEs) during retrieval alter episodic memories, and what properties do episodic PEs have that initiate such changes? Complementary to the first funding period, where we manipulated PE qualitatively, we will quantitatively manipulate episodic PEs in personally meaningful episodes of social interaction. We use a multi-step reconsolidation protocol that includes fMRI during both encoding and retrieval of episodes. In Exp. 1, we examine the modifiability of reactivated episodes by introducing PEs of variable strength. This will be achieved by independently manipulating the level of episodic predictedness and episodic predictability as quantified on the basis of an online rating study. We investigate whether the (dis)similarity between encoded and retrieved episodes is quantified by the PE strength at retrieval in two ways: at the behavioral level by multidimensional scaling of memory performance and at the neural level by analyzing the representative dissimilarity of BOLD responses. To identify potentially distinct contributions of hippocampus and neocortex, PEs refer either to episodic gist, i.e., the specific sequence of events that essentially constitute the episode, or to the episodic surface, i.e., the exact perceptual configuration of the episode. Exp. 2 extends the approach by accounting for idiosyncratic differences in episodic expectancy that may influence individual propensity to revise episodes after PE. The subjects' individual experiences and beliefs are captured by four moderator variables that quantify, for each episode, their subjective (a) association with an own autobiographical encounter, (b) emotionality, (c) social rule consistency, and (d) everyday typicality. Using these variables, we examine individual preconditions for the modifying effect of episodic PEs during scenario construction, with variables (a) and (b) modeling aspects of autobiographical and affective prior experience, and variables (c) and (d) rather experiential knowledge about (semantic) social rules. Exp. 3 employs episodic continuations as a specific type of PE, some of which additionally plausibly bridge previously unrelated episodes. Such continuing and bridging PEs should be easier to integrate as they leave the coherence of existing memories untouched or even increase it, and thus more readily lead to revision of encoded episodes. We examine the rating-quantified strength of PEs and their systematic effects on episode similarity (pre- vs. post-PE) in BOLD response and behavior.

检索过程中的情景预测错误 (PE) 在多大程度上以及以何种方式改变情景记忆，以及情景 PE 具有哪些属性来引发这种变化？作为对第一个资助期（我们定性地操纵 PE）的补充，我们将在对个人有意义的社交互动中定量地操纵情景 PE。我们使用多步骤再巩固协议，其中包括在事件编码和检索过程中的功能磁共振成像。在Exp。 1，我们通过引入不同强度的 PE 来检查重新激活事件的可修改性。这将通过独立操纵基于在线评级研究量化的情景预测性和情景可预测性水平来实现。我们通过两种方式研究编码和检索的事件之间的（不）相似性是否可以通过检索时的 PE 强度来量化：在行为层面上通过记忆表现的多维缩放，在神经层面上通过分析 BOLD 反应的代表性差异。为了识别海马体和新皮质的潜在不同贡献，PEs要么指情节要点，即本质上构成情节的特定事件序列，要么指情节表面，即情节的确切感知配置。过期。 2 通过考虑事件预期的特殊差异来扩展该方法，这可能会影响个人在 PE 后修改事件的倾向。受试者的个人经历和信仰由四个调节变量捕获，这些变量对每个情节量化他们的主观（a）与自己的自传遭遇的关联，（b）情感性，（c）社会规则一致性，以及（d）日常典型性。使用这些变量，我们检查情景构建过程中情景性 PE 的修改效果的个体先决条件，其中变量（a）和（b）对自传和情感先前经验进行建模，变量（c）和（d）相当经验知识（语义）社会规则。过期。 3 采用情景延续作为 PE 的一种特定类型，其中一些还似乎桥接了以前不相关的情节。这种连续性和桥接性的 PE 应该更容易整合，因为它们不会影响甚至增加现有记忆的连贯性，从而更容易导致编码事件的修改。我们研究了 PE 的评级量化强度及其对 BOLD 反应和行为中事件相似性（PE 前与 PE 后）的系统影响。