Removal of Solute-Free Water from Diluted Blood and Regeneration of Dialysate by Membrane Distillation

膜蒸馏去除稀释血液中的无溶质水及透析液再生

基本信息

批准号：
62850162
负责人：
SAKAI Kiyotaka
金额：
$ 6.98万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have tried removal of solute-free water from bovine blood and regeneration of dialysate by membrane distillation which have the advantages of high flux and outstanding selectivity at lower temperatures. Results are listed below: 1. Water vapor permeability for pure water is measured with a temperature controlled stirred cell. Heat transfer coefficients of both sides of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) membranes are calculated by conventional heat transfer model. Water vapor permeability of the membrane for pure water is linearly proportional to porosity divided by membrane thickness. The tortuosity of the membrane is calculated to be 1.27 from the slope of a linear plot of water vapor permeability against porosity divided by membrane thickness. 2. Water vapor permeate flux data is determined with the temperature controlled stirred cell to clarify effects of temperature and concentration polarization on water vapor permeability in membrane distillation . Temperature and concentration at membrane surfaces is evaluated based on heat and mass transfer models. Wall temperature at warm compartment increases with stirring speed while wall concentration decreases with stirring speed. 3. Ions are impermeable to the PTFE membranes, demonstrating the possibility of complete regeneration of discarded dialysate. 4. Techniques of air-liquid membrane distillation are capable of removing solute-free water from bovine blood. Heat efficiency of air-liquid membrane distillation with 3.22gmol/kg ethylene glycol solution at an air flow rate of 40.4 I/min is calculated to be 75% and that of liquid-liquid membrane distillation at a stirring speed of 16.7s^<-1> to be 55%. Techniques of air-liquid membrane distillati are superior to those of liquid-liquid membrane distillation with respect to heat efficiency.

我们尝试通过膜蒸馏从牛血中去除无溶质水和再生透析液，其具有在较低温度下高通量和出色的选择性的优点。结果列出如下： 1.纯水的水蒸气渗透性是用温控搅拌池测量的。采用常规传热模型计算PTFE（聚四氟乙烯）膜两侧的传热系数。膜对纯水的水蒸气渗透性与孔隙率除以膜厚度成线性比例。根据水蒸气渗透率与孔隙率除以膜厚度的线性图的斜率，计算出膜的弯曲度为 1.27。 2. 通过温控搅拌池测定水蒸气渗透通量数据，以阐明温度和浓差极化对膜蒸馏中水蒸气渗透性的影响。根据传热和传质模型评估膜表面的温度和浓度。温暖室的壁温随着搅拌速度的增加而增加，而壁浓度随着搅拌速度的增加而降低。 3. PTFE 膜不能渗透离子，这表明废弃透析液完全再生的可能性。 4、气液膜蒸馏技术可去除牛血中不含溶质的水。计算空气流量为40.4 I/min时，3.22gmol/kg乙二醇溶液的气液膜蒸馏热效率为75%，搅拌速度为16.7s^<- 1> 为 55%。气液膜蒸馏技术在热效率方面优于液液膜蒸馏技术。