"MEASUREMENT SYSTEM OF NEURO-MUSCULAR ACTION POTENTIALS OF THE HUMAN FOR DIRECT VOLUNTARY CONTROL OF THE FES SYSTEM".

“用于直接自愿控制 FES 系统的人类神经肌肉动作电位测量系统”。

基本信息

批准号：
63850081
负责人：
HOSHIMIYA Nozomu
金额：
$ 3.52万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Multichannel Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) has been recently accepted as an efficient and clinically useful method for restoration of motor function of paralyzed upper and lower extremities. In severely disabled quadriplegic patients. both hand and elbow functions could be restored by our multichannel FES system. Big progress has been realized in the development of the FES system, but we must solve a big problem i.e. detection of the reliable voluntary control signals from the patient. It is desirable to get biological signals ( EMGs from skeletal muscles or nerve impulses from nerve trunk ) as command signals.In this research project, a low noise electrode for biological signal detection and a biocompatible skin button(feed-through) were developed. We measured basic characteristics of the noise performance of the fine metal electrodes, i.e. comparison between measured equivalent noise resistance and real-part of the electrode impedance. From these experiments, we could make design rule to obtain a low-noise fine electrode. We also confirmed the predicted noise performance by the measurement of the electrode. Crystalized-glass (or glass-ceramic) with components of CaO-P_2-SiO_2 reinforced with SiC whisker (CPS-SiC in abbreviation) and similar new materials (MAS, CPSA) are biocompatible and bioactive materials. The mechanical strength and fracture toughness of these materials are much higher than those of sintered hydroxyapatite which was recently used as a skin button with a hole. Therefore it is easy to make tiny holes for the electrodes going through the skin button made of these materials. Basic characteristics were investigated by animal experiments and cultured cell experiments. In addition to these properties, these materials showed appropriate electrical characteristics as reference electrodes for electrical stimulation(FES).

多通道功能性电刺激（FES）最近被认为是恢复瘫痪上肢和下肢运动功能的有效且临床有用的方法。严重残疾的四肢瘫痪患者。我们的多通道 FES 系统可以恢复手部和肘部功能。 FES系统的发展已经取得了很大进展，但我们必须解决一个大问题，即检测来自患者的可靠的自愿控制信号。人们希望获得生物信号（来自骨骼肌的肌电图或来自神经干的神经脉冲）作为命令信号。在本研究项目中，开发了用于生物信号检测的低噪声电极和生物相容性皮肤按钮（馈通）。我们测量了精细金属电极噪声性能的基本特征，即测量的等效噪声电阻与电极阻抗实部之间的比较。从这些实验中，我们可以制定设计规则以获得低噪声的精细电极。我们还通过电极的测量证实了预测的噪声性能。以SiC晶须增强CaO-P_2-SiO_2为成分的微晶玻璃（或微晶玻璃）（简称CPS-SiC）及类似新材料（MAS、CPSA）是具有生物相容性和生物活性的材料。这些材料的机械强度和断裂韧性远高于最近用作带孔皮肤纽扣的烧结羟基磷灰石。因此，很容易为穿过由这些材料制成的皮肤纽扣的电极打出小孔。通过动物实验和培养细胞实验研究了基本特性。除了这些特性之外，这些材料还显示出作为电刺激（FES）参考电极的适当电特性。