CRYSTALLIZATION OF METAL SULFATE BY USE OF WATER MISCIBLE ORGANIC SOLVENT

使用水混溶性有机溶剂结晶金属硫酸盐

基本信息

批准号：
60850122
负责人：
YAZAWA Akira
金额：
$ 6.4万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1987
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

THE PHASE RELATIONS AND SOLUBILITY ISOTHERMS HAVE BEEN DETERMINED FOR THE SYSTEMS : METAL SULFATE(S)-WATER-ORGANIC SOLVENT. THE POSSIBILITY OF CRYSTALLIZATION METHOD USIMG ORGANIC SOLVENT WAS CONSIDERD ON THE BASE OF RESULTS. IN THE SYSTEM MSO_4-H_2O-C_2H_5OH(M=Zn,Ni,Co,Cd,Cu), SOLUBILITY OF SULFATES DECREASED MEMARKABLLY WITH INCREASING CONCENTRATION OF ALCOHOL. EMPIRICAL FORMULAS WERE DETERMINED FOR THE SOLUBILITY OF THESE SULFATES IN WATER-ETHANOL MIXTURES IN THE TEMERATURE RANGE OF 278 TO 308K. AQUEUS-ALCOHOL MIXTURES WITH THESE SULFATES ARE LIABLE TO SEPARATE INTO TWO LIQUID LAYERS. DIFFERENCE IN SALTING OUT EFFECT OF CATION WERE DISCUSSED.SOLVENT EFFECTS WERE EXAMINED WITH THE SYSTEMS ZINC SULFATE OT COPPER SULFATEWATER-ORGANIC SOLVENT AT 298K; USED ORGANIC SOLVENTS WERE METHANOL, 2-PRORANOL, T.-BUTANOL AND ACTONE. DEPENDENCE OF THE SULFATE SOLUBILITY ON THE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF THE MIXED SOLLVENT EXHIBITS DELICATE VARIATIONS BY THE COSOLVENT AND ITS COMPOSITION.SOLUBILITY ISOTHERMS FOR THE MIXEd SULFATES of CuSO_4-NiSO_4 O R CoSO_4 IN AQUEOUS ETHANOL MIXTURES AT 298K, AND Na_2SO_4-NiSO_4 OR CoSO_4 IN AQUEOUS-METHANOL MIXTURES WERE DETERMINED. THE ISOTHERMS OF CuSO_4-NiSO_4 OR CoSO_4 SOLUTION SYSTEM CAN BE DEVIDED INTO 2 PORTIONS CORRESPONDING TO CRYSTALLIZATION OF COPPER SULFATE AND NICKEL SULFATE, OR SOLID SOLUTION OF (Co,Cu)SO_4,7H_2O. ON THE OTHER HAND, ISOTHERMS FOR THE MIXED SULFATE SYSTEMS OF Na_2SO_4-NiSO_4 OR CoSO4, ARE MADE UP OF 3 PORTIONS WITH TWO EUTECTIC POINTS ; SOLID PHASES IN EQULIBRIUM WITH THE SOLUTION IN EACH PORTIONS ARE SODIUM SULFATE, NICKEL SULFATE OF COBALT SULFATE, AND THEIR DOUBLE SALT. COMPOSITION RANGE OF THE SOLUTION CORRESPONDING TO THE DOUBLE SALT ARE SENSITIVE TO TEMPERATURE. A POSSIBLE APPLICATION TO A PRACTICAL PROCESS WAS TESTED WITH A COPPER SPENT ELECTROLYTE.RESULTS OBTAINED SUGGEST THAT THE CRYSTALLIZATION METHOD USING ORGANIC SOLVENT MIGHT BE WELL APPLICABLE TO PRACTICAL PROCESSES.

已经确定了金属硫酸盐-水-有机溶剂体系的相关系和溶解度等温线。根据结果考虑了使用有机溶剂结晶法的可能性。在MSO_4-H_2O-C_2H_5OH(M=Zn,Ni,Co,Cd,Cu)体系中，随着醇浓度的增加，硫酸盐的溶解度显着降低。经验公式确定了这些硫酸盐在 278 至 308K 温度范围内的水-乙醇混合物中的溶解度。含有这些硫酸盐的水-醇混合物容易分离成两层液体。讨论了阳离子盐析效果的差异。考察了硫酸锌OT硫酸铜水-有机溶剂体系在298K下的溶剂效应；使用的有机溶剂是甲醇、2-丙醇、叔丁醇和丙酮。硫酸盐溶解度对混合溶剂介电常数的依赖性随助溶剂及其组成的变化而变化。CuSO_4-NiSO_4 或 R CoSO_4 混合硫酸盐在乙醇水溶液中 298K 时的溶解度等温线，以及测定了甲醇水溶液混合物中的 Na_2SO_4-NiSO_4 或 CoSO_4。 CuSO_4-NiSO_4或CoSO_4溶液体系的等温线可分为两部分,分别对应于硫酸铜和硫酸镍的结晶或(Co,Cu)SO_4,7H_2O的固溶体。另一方面，Na_2SO_4-NiSO_4或CoSO4的混合硫酸盐体系的等温线由具有两个共晶点的3部分组成；与各部分中的溶液平衡的固相是硫酸钠、硫酸镍、硫酸钴以及它们的复盐。双盐对应的溶液的组成范围对温度敏感。使用废铜电解液测试了在实际过程中的可能应用。获得的结果表明使用有机溶剂的结晶方法可能非常适用于实际过程。