On the significance of mechanosensing for seed development and maturation

机械传感对种子发育和成熟的意义

• 批准号: 397750294
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Hardy Rolletschek
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/397750294?language=en
• 关键词: significance; mechanosensing; seed; development; maturation

Mechanosensing describes the process whereby physical forces act as the trigger for a developmental event. For example, a subtle touch or wind can induce morphological changes. Another example relates to embryogenesis of Brassicaceae: when the expanding embryo within a seed makes contact with the embryosac wall, it starts to bend and fold. Own previous findings let us suggest that mechanical constraints have additional effects on seed development, namely as signal to the embryo to switch from growth into maturation, replacing organ expansion with the accumulation of seed storage products (storage oils and proteins). This project will test the significance of mechanosensing for the regulation of the structural, metabolic and molecular responses to physical restraint in embryos of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Developing embryos, growing under spatially restricted and non-restricted conditions, will be analysed by (1) non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (for continuous three-dimensional monitoring of embryo growth and oil deposition), (2) Fourier-Transform-Infrared-microscopy (for detecting tissue gradients in hormones, sugars and other metabolic intermediates), (3) metabolite profiling (LC/MS) and (4) transcript profiling (RNASeq). Ultimately, this project aims to define the functional significance of mechanosensing for seeds. The exploration of a mechanistic link between a physical constraint to growth, metabolic switches and seed/embryo maturation would be of high interest to a wide scientific audience, and could open new avenues for crop seed improvement.

机械传感描述了物理力充当发育事件触发器的过程。例如，微妙的触摸或风可以引起形态变化。另一个例子与十字花科的胚胎发生有关：当种子内膨胀的胚胎与胚囊壁接触时，它开始弯曲和折叠。我们自己之前的发现表明，机械约束对种子发育有额外的影响，即作为胚胎从生长转变为成熟的信号，用种子储存产物（储存油和蛋白质）的积累取代器官扩张。该项目将测试机械传感对于调节油菜（甘蓝型油菜）胚胎对物理约束的结构、代谢和分子反应的重要性。将通过（1）非侵入性磁共振成像（用于胚胎生长和油脂沉积的连续三维监测），（2）傅立叶变换红外-来分析在空间受限和非受限条件下生长的发育中胚胎。显微镜（用于检测激素、糖和其他代谢中间体的组织梯度），(3) 代谢物分析 (LC/MS) 和 (4) 转录物分析 (RNASeq)。最终，该项目旨在定义机械传感对种子的功能意义。探索生长的物理限制、代谢转换和种子/胚胎成熟之间的机制联系将引起广大科学界的高度兴趣，并可能为作物种子改良开辟新途径。

项目成果

The process of seed maturation is influenced by mechanical constraints.

种子成熟过程受机械约束的影响

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.16815
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The New phytologist
• 作者: Rolletschek H; Muszynska A; Borisjuk L
• 通讯作者: Borisjuk L

The metabolic environment of the developing embryo: A multidisciplinary approach on oilseed rapeseed.

发育中胚胎的代谢环境：油菜籽的多学科方法

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153505
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of plant physiology
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Rolletschek H; Mayer S; Boughton B; Wagner S; Ortleb S; Kiel C; Roessner U; Borisjuk L
• 通讯作者: Borisjuk L